Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 05.djvu/402

 HOWARD

HOWARD

first assistant in 1886, and in 1894 became chief of the division of entomology. He was made honorary curator of the department of insects in the U.S. National museum in 1895. He made a special study of the parasitic hymenoptera and their haViits and host relations, and of economic entomi>logy in connection with his office. Georgetown university conferred on him the de- gree of Ph.D. in 1896. He was elected to the presidency of the Entomological and Biological societies of Washington, D.C., and of the Associa- tion of Economic Entomologists. He was elected a member of the American Society of Naturalists, of the Biological and Entomological societies of Washington, D.C., and of the American Associa- tion for the Advancement of Science in 1889, pre- sided over the section on zoology in 1895 and 1897, and was elected the permanent secretary of the Jissociation in the latter year. He prepared the definitions in entomology for the Century and Funk and WagnalVs Standard dictionaries and contributed to the Standard Natural History. He edited Insect Life published by the depart- ment of agriculture and is the author of many entomological articles, bulletins and government reports.

HOWARD, Milford W., representative, was born in Rome, Ga., Dec. 18, 1863. He was ad- mitted to the bar in 1881, and began practice at Fort Payne, Ala. He was prosecuting attorney for DeKalb county four years; was also city at- torney of Fort Payne two terms; chairman of the DeKalb county Democratic executive committee, and a Populist representative from the seventh Alabama district in the 54th and 55th congresses, 189.5-99. He opposed trusts, advocated the con- fiscation of accumulated wealth above a reason- able amount, and prepared a bill demanding the impeachment of President Cleveland. He is the autlior of The American Plutocracy (1896).

HOWARD, Oliver Otis, soldier, was born in Leeds, Maine, Nov. 8, 1830; son of Rowland Bailey and Eliza (Otis) Howard. The family were in moderate circumstances and he spent his boyhood on the farm, attending the district school, and later the academies at Monmouth and Yarmouth. His father died when he was nine years old and he lived for two years with his uncle, John Otis, at Hollowell. He entered Bow- doin college in 1846, and was graduated A.B., 1850, A.M., 185.3. He secured an api)ointment to the U.S. Military academy, West Point, Sept. 1, 18.50, through the influence of his uncle, John Otis, and was graduated in 1854, fourth in a class of forty-six. He was promoted in the army brevet second lieutenant of ordnance, July 1, 1854; second lieutenant. Feb. 15. 1855; first lieutenant, July 1, 18.57; brigadier-general, Dec. 21. 1804, and major- general, March 19, 1868; retiring by operation of

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law, Nov. 8, 1894. He was on duty at the arsenal at Watervliet, N.Y., 1854-55; at the Kennebec arsenal, Augusta, Maine, 1855-56; at Watervliet, N.Y., 1856; was chief of ordnance on the staff of General Harney in the Seminole war in Florida, 1857, and assistant professor of mathe- matics. West Point, 1857-61. He resigned to accept promoticm in the volunteer ser- vice, June 3, 1861; was made colonel of the 3d Maine volun- teers, IMay 28, 1861; promoted brigadier- general, Sept. 3, 1861, and major-general, Nov. 29, 1862; and was honorably mus- tered out of the vol- unteer service, Jan.

1, 1869, He was bre vetted major-general, March 13, 1865, for " gallant and meritorious services in the battle of Ezra Cliurch and during the campaign agaiubt Atlanta, Georgia; " and re- ceived the thanks of congress, Jan. 28, 1864, " for the skill and heroic valor which, at Gettysburg, repulsed, defeated and drove back, broken and dispirited, beyond the Rappahan- nock, the veteran army of the rebellion; " and a medal of honor " for distinguished bravery in the battle of Fair Oaks, Va., Juno 1, 1802, leading the 61st New York volunteer infan- try in the charge across the enemy's line, where he was twice severely wounded in the right arm, necessitating its amputation, while serving as brigadier-general of volunteers, com- manding brigade." In the volunteer army he was employed in the defences of W^ashington, June and July, 1861; commanded the 3d brigade, Heintzleman's division, in the Manas.sas campaign of July, 1801; commanded a brigade of Casey's division in the defence of Washington, July to September, 1801; commanded the 1st brigade, Sumner's division, September, 1861, to April, 1862; commanded the same brigade in the Army of the Potomac, April-June, 1862; commanded a brigade at Fair Oaks, Va., June 1, 1862; was on sick leave disabled by wounds, June 2-Aug. 27, 1802; commanded California brigade, Sedgwick's division, Army of the Potomac, in the Northern Virginia campaign, August-September, 1862; commanded the same brigade in tiie 2d division, 2d corps, during the Maryland campaign, Sep- tember, 1862; succeeded General Sedgwick, wounded, to the command of the 2d division, 2d corps, at the battle of Antietam, Sept. 14, 1802; was on the march to Falmouth, Va.,