Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 05.djvu/386

 IIOUGJITON

HOUGIITOX

of physiology in the New York Homoeopathic college, l»G8-70, and in the New York (.College for ■\Vomen. 18(39-72; became surgeon of the New York Ophtliahnic hospital in 1808; and was also made dean and professor in the New York Ophthal- mic hospital; professor of clinical otology in the New York Honneopatliic Medical college; presi- dent of the American Homoeopathic, Ophthal- mological and Otological society, 1881; president of the Homoeopathic Medical societies of New York city and state, and a senior of the Institute of Homceopathy. 1892. He wrote Lectures on Clin- ical Otologjf (188")), and articles in medical jour- nals. He died in New York city. Dec. 1, 1901.

HOUGHTON, Henry Oscar, i)nblisher, was born in Sutton. Vt., April:!. 1823: son of William and Marilla (Clay) Houghton. His parents removed to Bradford about 183"). He was a pupil at the Bradford academy, and when thirteen years old was apprenticed in the office of the Bur- lington Free Press. His brother Daniel was a student at the University of Ver- mont, and persuaded Henry to gain a col- lege education. Af- ter a short term at his trade at Nunda, N.Y., he prepared himself for college, matriculated at the University of Ver- ^ /i^^^^ti^^ mont in 1842, paid his own tuition by work- ing at the case, and was graduated in 1846. He was a proof-reader and rei)orter on the Boston Evening Traveler, 1840-48. In 1849 he borrowed $1500, and with it purchased the interest of Mr. Freeman in the business of Freeman & BoUes, printers, in Boston, and formed the firm of Bolles & Houghton. The office was removed to Cam- bridge, Mass. Subsequently Mr. Bolles retired, and in 1852 the Riverside Press was established un- der the firm name of H. O. Hougliton & Co., and Mr. Houghton remained at the head of the busi- ness during his lifetime. In 1801 he helped to found the publishing house of Hurd& Houghton, and in 1878 the firm of James R. Osgood & Co., successors to FieMs, Osgooil & Co. and Ticknor & Fields, was consolidated with Hurd & Houghton and H. O. Houghton & Co.. owners of the River- side Press, as Houghton, Osgood & Co. By this change the housj obtained the large list of books of Ticknor & Fields, innludiiig the works of Emerson, Longfellow, Whittier and Holmes. In 1880 the firm became Hougliton,:\Iifflin & Co. Besides the list of books, including those by the

more noted American authors, the firm contin- ued the publication of TItc Atlantic Monthly as well as other periodicals, and became recognized leaders in the production of the best examples of American book-making. Mr. Houghton was mayor of Cambridge in 1873. He received the honorary degree of A.iM. from Wesleyan in 1866. He (lied in North Andover, ]Mass., Aug. 25, 1895.

HOUGHTON, Sherman Otis, representative, was born in New York city, April 10, 1828; son of Abi jail Otis and Eliza (Farrand) Houghton; grandson of Abijah and Mary (Sawyer) Houghton, and of Daniel and Rhoda (Smitli) Farrand; great- grandson of Abijah Houghton and of Lieut. Bethuel and Eliza (Plume) Farrand, and a direct descendant of John Houghton, who settled in Charlestown, Massachusetts Bay colony, in 1635. His grandfathers Houghton and Farrand were among the niinutemen at Lexington and Con- cord, and Abijah Houghton was twice wounded at Bunker Hill. His great-grandfathers on both sides were also soldiers both in the French and Indian war, and in the patriot army during the Revolution. Sherman received a thorough com- mercial education at private schools in the city of New York, and in 1846 enlisted as a private in the volunteer army for service during the Mexi- can war, and went with his regiment that year ai'ound Cape Horn to California and thence to Mexico. He served until the close of the war, and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant. He returned to California in 1848; engaged in gold mining with success, 1848-49; and in 1849 com- menced business at San Jose. He gained a thorough knowledge of the Spanish language and of Spanish and Mexican land laws; was ad- mitted to the bar in 1857, and acquired a large practice before the federal courts in settling titles to lands in California, under grants from Spain and Mexico. He was ordnance officer and in- spector of the National Guard of California, 1861-65; was president of the city council of San Jose in 1854, and mayor of that city, 1855-56. He was elected by the Republican party a repi'esent- ative in the 42d and 43d congresses, serving 1871--75. In 1881 was appointed by President Arthur a commissioner to investigate the affairs of the U.S. mint in San Francisco. He removed from San Jose to Los Angeles in 1886, where he continued to practise his profession in 1900.

HOUGHTON, William Addison, educator, was born in Ilolliston,:\rass., March 10. 1852; son of Cyrus and F]li7,a Adaline (Sawin) Houghton and grandson of Caleb and Susnnna (Sawyer) Hough- ton and of Siimuel and Martha (TTeywood) Sawin. His first ancestors in America, .Tolin and Beatrix Houghton, emigrated from England about 1649, and were among the original founders and grantees of Lancaster, Mass. William attended