Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 05.djvu/385

 HOUGH

HOUGHTON

the department of ethnology in the U.S. National museum in 1886. He accompanied the U.S. com- mission to the Columbian historical exposition at Madrid, 1893-93, where he was made Knight of the Order of Isabella, " for distinguished serv- ices ; " and also went with Dr. J. Walter Fe wkes on archaeological expeditions to Arizona in 1896-97. He was elected a membre correspondaiit etranger of the Societe d'Anthropologie of Paris, and fellow of the American Association for the Advance- ment of Science, and of the Anthropological, the Geological and the Philosophical societies of Washington, D.C. He is the author of numerous scientific papers relating to ethnology.

HOUGH, Warwick, jurist, was born in Lou- doun county, Va., Jan. 26, 1836 ; son of George W. and Mary C. (Shawen) Hough and grandson of Cornelius and Mary (Maine) Shawen. He was prepared for college in private schools in Jefferson City, Mo., and was graduated from Missouri State university, A. B., 1854; « T^. ' K ^-^I" 1857. In his

\/ ^ ^ I senior year he invent-


 * • ^ ^ ed a figure illustrat-

ing the gradual accel- eration of the stars, which was used many years after he left college. In 1854 he was appointed to make barometrical observations for Pro- fessor Swallow, then in charge of the state geological survey, and the following year he was made assistant state geologist. Before attaining his majority he was chief clerk in the ofl&ce of the secretary of state ; and he was secretary of the state senate, 1858-59, 1859-60 and 1860-61. He was admitted to the bar in 1859, was commis- sioned 1st lieutenant in the governor's guards in 1860, and in 1861 was appointed by Governor C. F. Jackson adjutant-general of Missouri, with the rank of brigadier-general, holding the posi- tion until the death of Governor Jackson, when he was appointed secretary of state by Thomas C. Reynolds, the Confederate governor. He re- signed this office in 1863 to enter the Confederate military service and was assigned to the com- mand of the Department of Northern Mississippi and in January, 1864, he was commissioned cap- tain in the inspector -general's department. He served on the staffs of Generals Leonidas Polk, S. D. Lee and Richard Taylor. After the war he practised law in Memphis, Tenn.. 1865-67, and then removed to Kansas City, Mo. He was a judge of the state supreme court, 1874-84, being

chief -justice, 1882-84. He removed in 1884 to St. Louis, Mo., where he established a large law practice. He was married in 1861 to Nina E., daughter of Benjamin F. and Maria (Withers) Massey, and had three daughters and two sons. The eldest son, Warwick Massey Hough, was graduated with honors from Central college, Fayette, Mo., in 1883, became a lawyer in St. Louis, Mo., and was for several years assistant U.S. district attorney ; the second son, Louis, was graduated at the Missouri Medical college, St. Louis, in 1891, and became chief surgeon of the St. Geronimo railroad. Judge Hough attained the thirty-second degree in Masonry ; and was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences, St. Louis, in 1856. He received the honorary de- gree of LL.D. from the State University of Mis- souri in 1883.

HOUGHTON, Douglass, naturalist, was born in Troy, N.Y., Sept. 21, 1809; sop of Judge Jacob and Marj"^ Lydia (Douglass) Houghton. His pa- ternal ancestor came from England about 1658. He removed with his parents to Fredonia, N.Y., in 1812 and as a boy made investigations and ex- periments in explosives which came near ending his life. He was graduated at Rensselaer Poly- technic institute in 1828 ; was adjunct i^rofessor of chemistry and natural history there, 1829-30, was licensed to practise medicine by the medical society of Chautauqua county in 1831 ; served as botanist and physician on the Schoolcraft gov- ernment expedition to the head waters of the Mississippi in 1831-32 and madeaA^aluable report. He ijractised medicine in Detroit, Mich., 1832-37; was state geologist of Michigan, 1837-45, and pro- fessor of geology, mineralogy and chemistry in the University of Michigan, 1839-45. He declined the presidency of the university. He explored the southern coast of Lake Superior and rep6rted his observations to the legislature in 1840, and was mayor of Detroit, 1842-43. He was a member of the National Institute of Washington, D.C. ; of the Boston Society of Natural History, and an honorary member of the Royal Antiquarian So- ciety of Copenhagen. While making a govern- ment survey of Lake Superior he lost his life in a storm, Oct. 13, 1845.

HOUGHTON, Henry Clarke, physician, was born in Roxbury, Mass., Jan. 22, 1837 ; son of Isaac S. and Zebiah (Adams) Houghton, and grandson of Jesse Houghton, of Boston, Mass. He was graduated at Bridge water Normal school in 1859, was post-graduate student there, 1859-61, and at North Yarmouth academy, Yarmouth, Maine, 1861 -63 ; was relief agent for the U.S. Christian com- mission, 1863-65, and was graduated at the med- ical department, University of the City of New York in 1867. He was resident pliysician at the Five Points House of Industry, 1867-69 ; professor