Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 05.djvu/351

 HOOD

HOOKER

ing Federal force in check, and afterward crossed the Potomac into Virginia. At Fredericksburg, Dec. 13, 1864, his division held the right of the line of Longstreet's cordis, and at Gettysburg his divi- sion was the third in Longstreet's corps which was the right of Lee's army, and on July 2, in endeav- oring to turn the enemy's left, he directed Robin- son's and Law's brigades upon Round Top and he was repulsed, but reinforced by McLaws's division, and this brought on the battle of the Peach Orch- ard, when the angle was finally broken in, after a great loss on both sides. General Hood was wound- ed early in the engagement, resulting in the loss of his right arm, and was succeeded in command by Gen. E. M. Law. On Sept. 9, 1863, he was ordered to reinforce Bragg at Chattanooga, Tenn., going by rail via Wilmington, Augusta and Atlanta. His division, made up of Jenkins's, Law's, Robert- son's, Anderson's and Benning's brigades, and a corps of artillery commanded by Col. E. P. Al- exander, formed the second division of Long- street's corps, the first being commanded by Gen. Lafayette McLaws. On Sept. 19, 1863, he took part in the battle of Chickamauga, his division being stationed at Ted ford's Ford. He moved with his own and Bushrod Johnson's divisions in column of brigades at half distance on the right center of the Federal army, and for a time gained a brilliant success, driving everything before him, capturing artillery and seizing the Chattanooga road, but when the Federal force was reinforced by the fresh divisions of Wood, Davis, Sheridan and Negley, he was driven back to the east of the road. When his division wa- vered he rallied his men by seizing the colors, and as he bore them to the front he was shot in the leg. He was succeeded in command by General Law, who had also succeeded him at Gettysburg. His leg was amputated near the hip joint, but in the spring of 1864 he was able to rejoin the army. Although he had but one leg and one arm he could ride his horse and command his division with the same effective spirit as of old. He was commissioned lieutenant-general and given command of a corps of Johnston's army, opposing Sherman's advance on Atlanta, Ga. At Resaca, May 9, 1864, the enemy retired when he advanced with three divisions, and on the 14th he successfully opposed a Federal advance on the place. Hood's corps then retired to Calhoun, and on the morning of May 17, to Adairsville. On the 24th the corps encamped four miles from New Hope Church, and on the 2.'jth was attacked by Hooker's corps and the battle of New Hope Chiu'ch followed. On June 23 two of his divisions at- tacked the Federal breastworks, and after taking them were driven out by the Federal artillery with a loss of 1000 men. He took part in the battle of Kenesaw Mountain, June 27, 1864, and

continued to fall back on Atlanta. On July 17, 1864, he received notice of his iJromotion to the temporary rank of general and he succeeded General Johnston in command of the Army and Department of Tennessee. He took command of the army on July 18, and at once opened the Atlanta campaign. Stewart had command of the corps of Polk and Cheatham of that of Hood. The battle of Peach Tree Creek was fought July 20, 1883, and Hood, after dark, withdrew his two corps inside the outer works of Atlanta, and at midnight with four divisions he made his flank movement toward Decatur. He formed a line of battle facing the north at the extreme left of Sherman's army, and on the morning of July 24 the battle of Atlanta opened and the next day Sherman drew his half-circle closer to the city. On July 28 Hood again charged and passed Logan's extreme right, and short h' after, meeting so strong qjiposition, he with drew within his for- tified lines and lost the battle of Ezra Church. On July 31 Hood abandoned Atlanta and joined Hardee at Lovejoy's Station, and on Sept. 1 fought the battle of Jonesboro. On Oct. 2 he fell back beyond the Chattahoochee, and stopped at Dallas, when he sent a division under French to take the garrison and stores at Alla- toona, which plan was successfully defended by Gen. J. M. Corse. French then rejoined Hood at New Hope Church, from where he marched through Resaca toward Chattanooga, followed by Sherman as far as Gaylersville, Ala., Oct. 16, 1863, when the Federal army retired and took up its march to the sea. Hood compelled the evac- uation of Dalton, but was defeated bj- Schofield at Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864. and by Thomas at Nashville, Dec. 15-16, 1864, and he was relieved of his command at his own request, Jan. 23, 1865, and was succeeded by Gen. Richard Taylor. At the close of the war he settled in New Orleans, La., where he was a commission merchant and president of the New Orleans branch of the Life Association of America. During the yellowfever epidemic of 1879 his wife and their eldest child died, and shortly after he succumbed to the dis- ease. He wrote : Advance and Retreat : Per- sonal Experiences in the United States and Con- federate States Armies (1880), and contributed to Battles and Leaders of the Civil War (Vol. IV-., 1888), The Defence of Atlanta (p. 336, et seq.), and The Invasion of Tennessee (p. 425, et seq.) He died in New Orleans. La., Aug. 30, 1879.

HOOKER, Charles, physician, was born in Berlin. Conn., March 22, 1799; son of William and Hannah (Jones) Hooker ; grandson of Setli and Sarah (Burnham) Hooker, and a descendant of the Rev. Thomas Hooker, a founder of Hart- ford, Conn., and pastor of the first church there. He was graduated from Yale with honor in 1820 ;