Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 05.djvu/185

 HAYES

HAYES



prohibitionists presented her with • various testi- monials. Her independence was in marked con- trast to usage and brought her in favor with a new element in the social life of the national capital. She was an organi;.er of tne Ohio Soldiers' and Sailors' Orphans' home and one of its directors ; was con- nected with the Woman's Relief

Coi'ps; president of the Woman's Home Missionary society of the M.E. cliurch; and an honorary member of the Society of the Army of West Vir- ginia, and of various temperance organizations throughout the world. She died in Fremont, Ohio, June 2o, 18S9.

HAYES, Philip Cornelius, representative, was born m Granby, Conn., Feb. o, ISoo; son of Gay- lord and Mary Goodrich (Humphrey) Hayes; grandson of Ezekiel and Mary (Cossit) Hayes, and of Daniel and Mary (Goodrich) Humphrey, and a descendant of George Haj'es, who emi- grated from Scotland to America in 1680 and settled in Windsor, Conn. His parents re- moved to La Salle county, 111., where he was brought up on a farm. He was graduated at Oberlin, A.B. m 1860, A.M. in 1863, and at the theological seminary m 1863. He entered the Union service, July 16, 1862, as captain in the 103d Ohio volunteers and was promoted lieutenant- colonel and colonel. He served in Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia and North Carolina in 1864, was on the staff of Gen. J. W. Schofield, and was brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers, March 13, 1865. He was mustered out of the service, June 22, 1865. _He superintended the public schools at Mt. Vernon, Ohio, one year, then en- gaged in journalism in Ohio and finallj' in Morris, Grundy county. 111. He was a representative in the 45th and 46th congresses, serving, 18TT-81. In 1892 he removed to Joliet, 111. He is the author of ^1 History nf the 103d Ohio Beanmnt (1872).

HAYES, Rutherford Birchard, nineteenth President of the United States, was born in Dela- ware, Ohio, Oct. 4, 1822; son of Rutherford and Sophia (Birchard) Hayes. His father had died in July, 1822, and his mother was in moderate financial circumstances. The son received a common school training, studied the classics with Judge Finch of Delaware, attended an academy at Norwalk, Ohio, and in 1837 was sent to Con-

necticut to Isaac Webb's preparatory school at Middletown, where he was fitted for college. He was graduated at Kenyon college, 1842, valedic- torian of his class, and received his A.M. degree in 1875. He was graduated at Harvard, LL.B. in 1845, and was admitted to the Ohio bar the same year. He practised at Lower Sandusky and in 1849 removed his law office to Cincinnati. He was city solicitor, 1858-61. On June 7. 1861, Gov- ernor Dennison commissioned him major of the 23d Ohio volunteers and in July he accompanied the regiment to the seat of war in W^est Virginia. He was judge advocate of the department of Ohio, September and October, 1861 ; was pro- moted lieutenant-colonel of the 231 Ohio, Oct. 24, 1861; and saw active service in thefl_ld, 1861- 62. At the battle of South Mountain, Sept. 14, 1862, he led a charge, held his position although severely wounded and relinquished his command only when carried from the field. In this action his regiment lost nearly half its effective force. He was promoted colonel, Oct. 24, 1862, and on recovering from his wound took command of the regiment in the field. He commanded two regi- ments and a section of artillery in operations against Morgan at the time of his threatened raid in Ohio and prevented his escape across the river, which action compelled the surrender of the Con- federate leader. He commanded a brigade in General Crook's division in the expedition to cut off communication between Richmond and the southwest in the spring of 1864; and distinguished himself at Cloyd's Mountain, Va., May 9, 1864, in storming a fortified Confederate iwsition. He was conspicuous at the engagement at BerryA-ille, Va., Sept. 3, 1864, and at Winchester, Sept. 19, 1864, he led an assauit upon a battery across a morass fifty yards wide. His horse mired and he found himself alone in front of the battery, but waving his cap he signalled ins men to follow, and with forty of the first to reach the battery he led in an assault resulting in a hand to hand encounter, which caused the Confederate gunners to desert their guns and flee for safety. He com- manded the 2d division army of West Virginia, Gen. George Crook, at the battle of Fisher's Hill, and by a flank movement routed the enemy and captured their artillery. At Cedar Creek Oct. 19,

1864, his action on the battle field secured his commission of brigadier general at the request of General Crook who announced to him the pro- motion immediately after the battle He was brevetted major-general of volunteers, March 13,

1865, " for gallant and distinguished services dur- ing the campaign of 1864 in West Virginia and particularly at the battles of Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek, Va. " He was elected in 1864 a rep- resentative in the 39th congress from the 2d dis- trict of Ohio, taking his seat Dec. 4, 1865, rnJ