Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 04.djvu/405

 GREELY

GREELY

August 14. and closing the Saturday before elec- tion, lie received 2,S34,076 ]Hi|mlar votes to 3.597,- 070 for U.S. Grant. His only political aspira- tions before tiiis time were in 1S61, wlien lie was a, candidate before the Republican caucus of the state legislature for U.S. senator and was de- feated by Ira Harris at the instigation of Tliur- low Weed, who was anxious to pay off a political gi-udge engendere<i liy Mr. Greeley's opposing the nomination of Mr. Seward at Cliicago in 1S60; in 1861 when he was the unsuccessful Republican candidate for controller of the state, and in 1870, when he was defeated for representative in the 42d congress from the sixth district of New York. The result of the presidential election of 1873 being announced he returned to the editorial chair of the Tribune, but his health had been de- stroyed by the strain and excitement incident to the canvass, and brain fever resulted. His fu- neral was attended by the heads of the Federal executive and judicial departments and by the chief state executives. Heniy Ward Beecher preached the funei-al discourse and Edwin H. Chapin conducted the services at the Church of the Divine Paternity. The printers of the United States marked his grave in Greenwood by a bronze bust; the Tribime association erected at the entrance of their building on the site of the " Old Tribune " a colossal bronze sitting statue; the municipality of New York city erected a bronze statue in Greelej' square: and his portrait painted liy Frank B. Carpenter is the chief adorn- ment of the editorial rooms of the Tribune. He received the honorary degree of LL.D. from Am- herst in 1871. His works include: Hints Toicards Heforms (1850); Glances at Europe (1851); History of the Struggle for Slavery Extension (1856); Over- land Journey to San Francisco (1860); The Ameri- can Conflict (3 vols., 1864-66); Recollections of a Busy Life (1868, new ed., 1873); Essays on Politi- cal Economy (1870) and What I Know of Farming (1871). He assisted in editing .4 Political Text Book (1860) and for many years the Whig Alma- nac and the Tribune Almanac. James Parton, L. U. Reaves, Lewis D. Ingersoll and Francis N. Zabriskie issued books on the life of Horace Greeley in 1855, 1873. 1873 and 1890, respectively, and a memorial volume was published in 1873. He died in Pleasantville. N.Y.. Nov. 20. 1872.

QREELY, Adolphus Washington, explorer, was born at Newburyport, Mass.. March 27. 1847; son of John Balch and Frances (Cobb) Greely; grandson of Joseph and Betsey (Balch) Greely, and of Samuel and Eleanor (Neal) Cobb, and descended paternally from Andrew Greely of Salisbiu-y, 1639. and from John Balch, Cape Ann, 1633; and maternally from Henry Cobb, Scituate. 1633, and from John Howland of the Mayfloirer, 1620. Adolphus received a high school education.

and at the outbreak of the civil war he enlisted as a private in the 19th Massachusetts volunteer infantry. He was promoted to the rank of first sergeant and was one of the "forlorn hope," at Predericksbiu'g, where he was twice wounded, Dec. 11, 1863. He was appointed 3d lieutenant in the 81st colored U.S infantry and was commissioned captain and brevetted majoi He was honorably dis- charged March 32 1867. At the reorgan ization of the U.S army, he was com missioned 2d lieuten- ant in the regulai service and was as signed to the 36th U.S. I'egular infantry, March 2, 1867. He was transferred to the 2d U.S. artillery, Jvdy 14, 1869, being detailed to construct about 2000 miles of military telegraph lines on the Indian and Mexican frontiers and in addition doing much practical telegi-aph work. He was next transferred to the 5th cavalry in which regi- ment he was promoted captain, Jime 11, 1886, was designated as acting chief signal officer Dec. 11,1886, and was commissioned brigadier-gen- eral and made chief signal ofBcer, March 3, 1887. He was assigned to the command of an Arctic ex- pedition, afterward known by his name, and was sent by the United States to establish one of the international circiunpolar stations, in which work eleven nations co-operated. On Aug. 12, 1881, he landed a party of twenty six persons at Discovery Harbor, more than 1000 miles north of the Arctic circle, and within 496 geogi-aphic miles of the pole. The discoveries of this expedition added about 6000 square miles of land, heretofore un- known, to the maps; showed the interior of Green- land to be a fertile coimtry and surroimded by ice-caps, which terminated in Greely fiord look- ing westward to the polar sea. The northern journey made by Lieut. James Booth Lockwood and Sergt. David L. Brainard of the expedition discovered a series of islands to the north of Greenland and also discovered Cape Washington, which was then the mo.st northerly land luiown. The expedition left Discovery Harbor, Aug. 9, 1883, in conformity with its orders, and after a terrible journey of fifty days reached Ca|ie Sa- bine, where they learned that the relief ship Pro- tcu.f had been crushed by ice on July 23, 1883. The party wintered in a hut made of rocks and snow, with only six weeks" supply of food. L'nder these circumstances the men perished slowly of