Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 04.djvu/253

 GARDNER

GARDNER

a Unitarian church. John's father Sylvester (1707-178G), was a ph3-sician and drug merchant; proprietor of part of the Plymoutli purchase on the Keunebeck river, which he colonized with Germans; settled the town of Pittstou, afterward Gardiner, Maine; was one of the founders and a warden of King's chapel, Boston, and endowed Clirist church, Pittstou, Maine. He was an ac- tive royalist in the Revolution, was banished to Halifax, whence he removed to England, and about 100, OJD acres of his estate were confiscated and soil, but subsequently recovered by the heirs. In ITS) he settled in Newport, R.I. John Syl- vester John Gardiner resided with his grand- father in Boston, 1770-75. where he attended school. He also studied under Dr. Samuel Parr in England, 1776-83. Returning to Boston he studied law, 1783-8-'), but abandoned that profes- sion to enter the ministry of the Protestant Episcopal church. He was ordained a deacon in 1787, was rector of the parish of St. Helena, near Beaufort, S.C, 1787-92; was elevated to the priesthood in 1791; was assistant rector of Trinity church, Boston, 1792-1805, and rector 1805-30, succeeding the Rt. Rev. Samuel Parker, D.D. He taught a classical school, 1792-1805, besides giving private instruction to pupils, and was an organizer of the Anthology club, and its first president, 180.5-11. He received the honorary degree of A.M. from Harvard in 1803 and that of D.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1813. He edited the Antholociy and Boston MoiilhJy He- view, and afterward contributed to its remote successor the Xorth Anieriran lieview. He died, wliile travelling for liis health, at Harrowgate, England, July 29, 1830.

GARDNER, Augustus Kinsley, ijhysician, was born in Roxbury, Mass., July 31, 1821; son of Samuel Jackson Gardner (1788-1864), Har- vard, 1807, lawyer, editor of the Advertiser, New- ark, N.J., and author of "Autumn Leaves" (1859). Augustus was a student at Harvard three years, graduated in medicine in 1844, and received the honorary degree of A.M. in 1852. He studied in Europe, 1844-47, and practised in New York city where he introduced the use of street drinking fountains; the importation of Englisli sparrows; the abolition of the .sale of swill milk; a revision of the code of medical ethics, and a movement to discourage the use of the treadle sewing machines. He was the first physician in the United States to give chloro- form in labor and practised it successfully while profes.sor of midwifery in the New York medical college. He resigned his membership in the Academy of physicians upon being questioned as to his action in calling into consultation a homoe- opathic physician. He publislied Hmirs of a Medi- cal Student in Paris (1848); Our Children (1872);

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and Ships and Shiphuilders of Xew York. His edition of Tyler Smith's Lectures and his translation of Scanzoni's Diseases of Females are text-books. He died in New York city, April 7, 1876.

QARDNER, Charles Kitchell, soldier, was born in Morris county, N.J., in 1787. In May, 1808, he joined the U.S. army as ensign in the 6th infantry, was promoted adjutant, May, 1809; 2d lieutenant, June, 1809, 1st lieutenant, March, 1811, and served as brigade inspector to Gen- eral Hampton from April, 1811. He was pro- moted captain of the 3d artillery in July, 1812; brigade major on the staff of General Arm- strong, Aug. 4, 1813; adjutant-general, March 18, 1813, and trans- ferred to the 2od in- fantry. In the war of 1812 he took part in the battles of Chrys- ler's Field, Chippewa, and Niagara, and in the siege and defence of Fort Erie. He was promoted lieutenant-colonel for distinguished and merito- rious services, Feb. 5, 1815, and in May, 1816, was made adjutant-general of the division of the north. He resigned his commission, March 17,1818. He was first assistant postmaster-general, 1829- 37; auditor of the post-office department, 1837^1; commissioner to settle affairs in connection with the Indians in the Southern states, 1841-45; post- master of Washington, D.C., 1845-49; surveyor- general of Oregon, 1853-57, and clerk of the U.S. treasury department, 1857-67. He published: A Compendium of MiUtarij Tnetics (1819); A Diction- ary of Commissioned Officers icho hare served in the Army of the United States from 17S9 to 1S33 ( 1853); and A Permanent Designation of Companies and Company Books, by the First Letters of the Al- phabet. He died in Washington, D.C., Nov. 1, 1869.

QARDNER, Dorsey, etymologist, was born in Pliiladelphia, Pa., Aug. 1, 1842. In 1854 he re- moved with his parents to Trenton, N. J., where he prepared for coUe.ge. He entered Yale in the class of 1864. but in 1862 returned to Trenton and engage I in journalism. He was editor of the Trenton Daily Monitor. 1864-65; of the New York Round Table, 1866-08; and at different times served on the editorial staff of the Christian Union and the Commercial Advertiser. In 1872 he was appointed secretary to the U.S. centennial com- mission at Philadelphia assisting in the organiza- tion of the enterprise and during the exhibition in 1876 he was private secretary to Director-Gen- eral A. T. Goshorn. At the close of the exhibi- tion he superintended the publication of the