Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 03.djvu/80

 CROZIER

CRUMMELL

justice of the supreme court of the state uiul reinaiued on the bencli three years. He was a U.S. senator in 187:3-74. and district judge in 187(5. He died at Leaven wortli, Oct. 2, 1895..

CROZIER, William, inventor, was burn in Ohio in IN.")."). He was-raduated at West Point in 187G, assigned to the artillery, and served against the Indians at the west. With Col. Adelbert R. Butfington lie invented the disai)pearing gun- carriage, and by himself tiie wire-wrapped rifle- gun. He attained the rank of major, and in 1899 was a delegate to the Peace Conference at The Hague.

CRUQER, Daniel, representative, was born in Snnbury. Pa., Dec. 22, 1780; son of Daniel Cruger. He establisiied The American Constellation at Union, N.Y., in 1800, removed it to Oswego, in 180:3. and changed its name to The American Far- mer. In 1805 he removed to Bath where he was ad- mitted to the bar in 1809. He was a major in the war of 1812; was a member of the state assembl}-, 1814-16 and speaker in 1816. He was appointed U.S. district attorney for the 7th di.strict, April 17, 1815, and district attorney of Steuben count}- in 1818-21. He was a representative in the 15tli U.S. congress, 1817-19 and a member of the state assembly again in 1826. He died at Elm Grove, Va., .July 12, 1843.

CRUQER, John, merchant, was born in New York city. July 18, 1710; third son of Jolin Cruger, colonial mayor of New York city, 1739-44. He was educated as a merchant and engaged largely in the shipping business. He was city alderman, 17.54-55; maj^or of the city, 1756-65; a mem- ber of the general assemblj-, 1759-68; a leading member of the committee on correspondence that brought about a union of the colonies, and a member of the stamp act congress of 1765. He represented New York city in the last colonial assembly, 1769-75, and was speaker of the house by unanimous consent. In 1775 he was one of a committee of fourteen to urge upon Gen. Thomas Gage " that no military force might land or be stationed in this province," and when the British occupied New York he retired to Kinderhook, N.Y., and returned upon the evacuation of that city in 1781. He was the first president of the New York chamter of commerce, 1768-70. He never married, the name descending through his Vjrother Henry, born in New York city in 1702, a member of the colonial assembly and a city coun- cilman. The brothers having a large trade with Bristol, England, Henrj- settled there, was a mem- ber of the British parliament and colleague of Barker, and was mayor of Bristol at the time of his death, Feb. 8, 1780. Henry's son, Nicholas, a personal and trusted friend of Washington, repre- sented the firm in the West Indies, where he liad a country house, and there met and persuaded

Alexander Hamilton to go with him to New York city to be educated. Henry's son, Henry, was born in New York city in 1739, was in business with his father in Bristol, England, and succeeded his father as mayor of that city in 1781. He was elected a member of the British parliament in 1774 and re-elected in 1784. In parliament he advocated the cause of the colonists and was reprimanded by the speaker. He returned to New York in 1785 and was elected a state senator wliile still a member of the British parliament. He died in New Yoi-k city, April 24, 1827. Henry's third son, John Harris, succeeded his father as a member of the New York city council and was mayor of New York city in 1764 and chamberlain in 1776. He married a daughter of Colonel de Lancey and commanded a battalion in de Lancey's loyalist corps. His corps formed the British centre at Eutaw Springs, S.C, and he defended Ninety-six against Greene in May, 1781. He lost his American property by confiscation and made his home in London, England, where he died June 3, 1807. John Cruger died in Kin- derhook, N.Y., Dec 27, 1792.

CRUQER, Julie Qrinnell, " Julien Gordon,' author, was born in Paris, France, during the reign of Louis Nai^oleon III.; daughter of Thomas Wentworth and Sarah (Paris) Storrow. Her mother was a daughter of Washington Irving's favorite sister, and her ancestor, Isaac Paris, supplied the town of Paris, N.Y., named for him, with food for several days in Revolutionary times. The W^entworths, the last two royal governors of New Hampshire, were among her paternal ance.stors. Her girlhood was passed in France, where her parents resided, and in travels through Italy and about the continent of Eu- rope. When very j^oung she was married to Col. Stephen Van Rensselaer Ci-uger of New York city, whither she removed, living there, at Cruger's Island in the Hudson river, or at her beautiful country home " Idlesse,"' on the north shore of Long Island, where the Crugers main- tained a wide hospitality. Colonel Cruger was born in New York city, May 9, 1844, and belonged to one of the oldest of the Dutch families, his an- cestors having come from Holland earlj' in the seventeenth century. He died in Bayville, L.I., June 23, 1898. Mrs. Cruger's writings, which were translated into several languages, include: A DiplomnCs Diary (1890); .1 Sncreasfnl Mnn; MwldinoiKt-lie lihi'da; Vampires; A Puritan Payau; Eat Net T/tij Heart.

CRUMMELL, Alexander, clergyman, was born in New York city, March 3, 1819; son of Boston Crummell, a native of West Africa. He attended school at Canaan, N.H., where Henry Highland Garnet and Thomas Sidney, also col- ored youths, were fellow students. Race preju-