Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 03.djvu/79

 CROWNINSHIELD

CROZIER

battalion of infantry, and after ser%-ing a few months in the field was transferred to the 1st Massachusetts cavalry, serving in South Carolina and Virginia. In 1863 he was ajipointed senior major in the 2d Massachusetts cavalry, was pro- moted lieutenant-colonel, and in October, 1864, coloQel, succeeding Col. Charles Russell Lowell in the command of the famous " Reserve Brig- ade." He served with Sheridan through all the campaigns in the Shenandoah A-alley and in the Appomattox campaign, and was present at Lee"s surrender. He was brevetted brigadier-general for gallant and meritorious services, May 20, 1865, and was mustered out of service June 20, 1865. He was married Nov. 11, 1868, to Eliza- beth Copley Greene, and of his children Harriet Sears became the wife of David H. Coolidge, Jr., landscape architect, and Elizabeth Copley the wife of George Lee Peabody, both of Boston. He died in Boston. Mass.. Jan. 10, 1897.

CROWNINSHIELD, Frederic, painter, was born in Boston, Mass., Nov. 27, 1845: grandson of Benjamin Williams Crowninshield, secretary of the U.S. navy, 1814-17. He was graduated at Harvard in 1866, studied art under Rowbotham in London, England, 1867-68, and established himself as a landscape painter in water colors and oils. He was in Europe, 1868-78, most of the time in Italy, where he was a pupil of Thomas Couture, and while in Paris he was for one term under Alexandre Cabanel at the Ecole des beaux arts. He then took up figure painting and exhib- ited at the Paris salon of 1878 his first picture made public, an allegorical portrait group. He returned to Boston, Mass., and in 1879 became instructor in the School of drawing and painting connected with the Museum of fine arts, where he remained till 1885. He subsequently devoted himself to mural painting and stained glass, con- tinuing at intervals his lectures before the School of drawing and painting. Museum of fine arts, Boston, and at the Metropolitan museum. New York city. His decoration of the restaurant of the Waldorf hotel. New York city, was at the time (1896) a notable example of his skill.

CROWNINSHIELD, Jacob, representative, was born in Salem, Mass., March 31, 1770; son of George and Mary (Derby) and brother of Ben- jamin Williams Crowninshield. He engaged with three brothers in the East India trade in Salem, each commanding a vessel. He was married June 5, 1796, to Sarah, daughter of John and Sarah (Derby) Gardner. In 1801 he was a mem- ber of the Massachusetts legislature and repre- sented his district in the 8th, 9th and 10th congresses, 1803-08. He was appointed secre- tary of the navy by President Jefferson, March 3, 1805, but ill health prevented his taking charge of the office. His sister, Mary, married

the Hon. Nathaniel Silsbee, U.S. senator. He died in Washington, D.C., May 15, 1808.

CROXTON, John Thomas, diplomatist, was born in Bourbon county, Ky., Nov. 20, 1837. His ancestors were Virginians. He was graduated at Yale in 1857, was admitted to the bar in 1858 and practised law in Paris, Ky., 1859-73. In June,

1861, he joined the Federal army as lieutenant- colonel of the 4th Kentucky mounted infantry, was made colonel of the regiment in March,

1862, and commissioned a brigadier-general July 30, 1864. His service was in Kentucky and Ten- nessee and with Sherman's army in North Georgia. He was brevetted major-general of volunteers. April 27, 1865. He commanded the district of southwest Georgia, with headquarters at Macon, during 1865, resigned his commission Dec. 26, 1865, and resumed law practice in Paris, Ky. He helped to establish the Louisville Com- mercial as a Republican organ. He was appointed U.S. minister to Boh via, Dec. 20, 1872, and died at La Paz. Bolivia. S.A., April 16, 1874.

CROZER, John Price, philanthropist, was born in Springfield, Delaware county. Pa., Jan. 13, 1793, in the house which had been the home of Benjamin West, the painter. He acquired a large fortune in the manufacture of cotton goods and in 1847 removed to Upland, Pa., wher& he built a Sunday-school building, and in 1852 a church for the use of the Baptists. In 1858 he erected a college building at a cost of $45,000, the use of which he gave for hospital purjx)ses during the civil war. In 1866 he consecrated th& institution as a '" School of the Prophets,"' after- ward known as the Crozer theological seminary, under the patronage of the Baptist churches. He was president of the Pennsylvania Baptist ed- ucation society (1855-66) and endowed seven scholarships of §1500 each. As a member of the American Baptist publication society he endowed a Sunday-school library frmd of $10,000 and a ministers' library fimd of $5000. He was one of the founders and a working member of the United States Christian commission. His widow and children continued liis benefactions by giving over $275,000 to the Crozer theological seminary, of which his son, Samuel A. Crozer, was president of the board of trustees. The}- also estabHshed a memorial fund of $50,000, to be used by the American Baptist publication society in mission work among the freedmen. He died at Upland, Pa., March 11, 1866.

CROZIER, Robert, jurist, was born in Ohio in 1827. He was admitted to the bar in his native state and established himself in practice in Leav- enworth, Kan., where he also served on the staff of the Daily Times. In 1857-58 he served in the territorial council, and was U.S. district attorney for Kansas, 1861-63. In 1863 he was made chief