Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 03.djvu/381

 DWIGHT

D WIGHT

of Boston and one of the founders and a member of the community at Brook Farm, Roxburj-, Mass., 1842-48, where he taught Latin, Greek, German and music. He contributed to the Harbinger, the Boston Dial and the Christian Examiner, and after 1848 devoted himself to musical criticism and to lecturing in the various cities of the United States on the lives and works of the great musical composers. In April, 18.13, he established Dinight's Journal of Music and was its sole editor during its ex- istence, 1852-81. He suggested the estab- lishment of the sj-m- phony concerts of or- chestra and chamber music which led to the erection of Music hall, Boston ; founded the Har- vard musical association, and served as its presi- dent, 1874-93, and was an early advocate of the musical education of the masses. He was mar- ried in 1851 to Mary, daughter of Silas and Mary (Barrett) BuUard. She died in 1860 while her husband was absent in Europe. They had no children. He supported the works of Bach, Handel and Beethoven, and opposed the music represented by the compositions of Wagner, Ber- lioz and Rubinstein. He was a trustee of the Perkins institution and Massachusetts school for the blind, and a member of the Saturday, the Town and Country and the St. Botolph clubs. He contributed a sketch of the history of music in Boston, 1840-81, to The Memorial History of Bos- ton and contributed numerovis articles to the Atlantic Monthly, the Nev: England Magazine, the Unitarian Review and the Boston Transcript. He wrote Crod Save the State; translated the minor poems of Schiller and Goethe in 1839; and had nearly completed Charles S. Perkins's History of the Handel and Haydn Society, 1815-1890. See John Sullivan Dwight, Brook-Farmer, Editor and Critic of Music (1898) by George Willis Cooke. He died in Boston, Mass., Sept. 5,' 1893.

DWIGHT, Joseph, soldier, was born in Ded- ham, Mass., Oct. 16, 1703; son of Capt. Henry and Lydia (Hawley) Dwight of Hatfield; grand- son of Capt. Timothy and Anna (Flint) Dwight, and great-grandson of Jolin and Hannah Dwight, immigrants, of Dedham, 1634-35. He wa.s grad- uated at Harvard, A. B.,' 1722, A.M., 1725. He was a merchant in Springfield, Mass., 1723-31; a lawyer in Brookfield, Mass., 1733-52; a member of the colonial council eleven times, and its speaker, 1748-49; judge of the court of common

pleas of Worcester county, 1739; colonel and brigadier-general of the state militia and second in command at the attack on Louisburg, 1745, when he led the '" Ancient and honorable com- pany of artillery of Boston '' and received the commendation of General Pepperell. He served in the Fi-ench and Indian war as commander of a brigade of Massachusetts militia in the campaign of Lake Champlain, 1756. He removed to Stock- bridge, Mass., in 1752, was trustee of Indian schools and chief justice of the Hampshire county court of common pleas, 1753-61. Removing to Great Barrington, Mass., in 1758, he was judge of the court and judge of probate, 1761-65. He died in Great Barrington, Mass.. June 19, 1765.

DWIQHT, Louis, philanthropist, was born in Stockbridge, Mass., March 25, 1793; son of Henry Williams and Abigail (Welles) Dwight, and brother of Henry W^ilhams, and of the Rev. Ed- win Welles, Yale, 1809, trustee of Williams, 1832- 41, and author of '• History of Berkshire County " (1839). Louis was graduated at Yale in 1813, and at Andover in 1819 ; was agent of the Amer- ican tract society, 1819-21, and of the Education society, 1831-24, and was ordained at Salem, Mass., Nov. 27, 1822. He was mai-ried. May 30, 1834, to Louisa, daughter of Nathaniel and Han- nah (Barker) Willis, and sister of N. P. Willis. In 1824 while distributing books to prisoners in the various penal institutions in the United States, he was a witness of various abuses and inhumanities visited upon prisoners, which led him to expose the same and to aid in forming the Prison discipline society of Boston, of which he was secretary and manager, 1825-54. He visited the prisons of Europe in 1846, and published twenty -nine annual reports of the Prison disci- pline society. See Memoir by William Jenks (1856). He died in Boston, Mass., July 13, 1854.

DWIQHT, Nathaniel, physician, was born in Northampton, Mass., Jan. 31, 1770; son of Maj. Timothy and Mary (Ed«"ards) Dwight. He was educated for a physician and practised in Hart- ford, Conn., and was assistant surgeon in the U.S. army, stationed on Governor's island, New York harbor. He subsequently practised at Westfield, Mass., New London and Weathersfield, Conn. In 1812 he entered the ministry and was I^astor at Westchester, Conn., 1812-20. He after- ward resumed the practice of medicine and was located first at Providence, R.I., and afterward at Norwich. Conn., and Oswego, N.Y. He was probably the first to propose the better treatment of insane persons, suggesting at a meeting of the Connecticut medical society in 1812, the es- tablishment of "a hospital for lunatics." He was also the fii-st to publish a school geography in the United States. He received the honorary degree of M.A. from Williams in 1801 and from