Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 02.djvu/60

 BURBECK.

BURDEN.

BURBECK, Henry, soldier, was born in Boston, Mass., June 8, 1754. He was appointed a lieu- tenant in the army at the beginning of the rev- olutionary war, was commissioned as captain, September, 1777, and served \Wth great credit at Brandywine, Germantown, Valley Forge, and Monmouth, as well as in subsequent engagements, until 1783, when he retired with the rank of major. Three years later he again entered the service and was engaged under General Wayne in the frontier wars against the Indians. In the war of 1812 he commanded at New York, Newjjort, and New London, was brevetted brigadier-general, and was retired in 1815. He died in New Londoji, Conn., Oct. 2, 1848.

BURBRIDQE, Stephen Gano, soldier, was born in Scott county, Ky., Aug. 19, 1831. He acquired a classical and inilitary education and studied law with Garrett Davis, U. S. senator. For several years he engaged in business in George- town, D. C, but later removed to a large planta- tion in Logan county, Ky. At the outbreak of the civil war he recruited the 26th Kentucky regi- ment, and was appointed its colonel. At the battle of Shiloh lie, by his bravery, gained the rank of brigadier-general of U. S. volunteers, and defended Kentucky against the invasion of Gen- eral Bragg in 1862. He commanded the 1st brigade, 1st division, 13th army corps before Vicksburg, and at the capture of Arkansas Post he was the leader of the storming party and planted the stars and stripes on the Confederate fort by orders of General Smith in acknowledgment of his gal- lantry. He also led the capturing forces at Fort Gibson. During the Atlanta campaign in 1864 he was in command of the military district of Ken- tucky, and drove Morgan back into Tennessee. For this service, and particularly for the engage- ment at Cynthiana, he received the commenda- tion of President Lincoln and the brevet rank of major-general of volunteers. At the close of the war he returned to Kentucky.

BURCHARD, Samuel Dickerson, clergyman, was born at Steuben, N. Y.. Sept. G, 1812. He was educated at an academy in his native state, and on the removal of his parents to Kentuckj' in 1830 he entered Centre college, Danville, and was graduated in 1837. His lectures at this time on temperance, abolition, and religious questions made him widely known throughout his state. In 1837, when Kentucky was smitten with an epidemic of cholera, he volunteered as a nurse, and won much gratitude for his kindly services. He was licensed to preach in 1838, and for seven years was pastor of the Houston street Presbyte- rian church. New York; the church then moved to Thirteenth street, and after serving this congregation for nearly forty years, he be- came pastor of the Murray Hill Presbyterian

church. Dr. Burchard was the originator of the phrase, " Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion, "an alliteration with which he stigmatized the Demo- cratic party near the end of the Blaine-Cleveland campaign in 1884, and which was supposed to have cost Mr. Blaine the presidency. Dr. Bur- chard was chancellor of the Ingham university, and president of Rutgers female college. His churches were noted for the amount of support which they gave to the various enterprises of the Presbyterian church. This feature was especially conspicuous in relation to the work of the Presby- terian Bible society and the educational enter- prises of the denomination, and in furtlieriiig the Sunday-school work of the communion. He died at Saratoga, N.Y.. Sept. 25. 1891.

BURCHARD, Thomas Herring, physician, was born in New York city, March 19, 1850, son of Samuel D. Burchard, clergyman. He was gradu- ated from the College of the city of New York in 1869, and from the Bellevue hospital medical col- lege ill 1872. For a year following his graduation he remained at Bellevue as demonstrator of anat- omy, and in 1873 became house surgeon in Belle- vue. From that time until his death he was at various periods attending surgeon of the New York dispensary, surgeon of the 22d regiment, and attending surgeon of the city hospital, of which last he was for two years president of the medical and surgical board. At the organization of the civil service commission, he was made its chairman. His most important medical work is Operative Interference in Acute Perforative Perityphlites advocating the removal of the vermiform appendix. He was a member of the Northwestern medical society, the County medi- cal society, the New York pathological society, the Neurological society, the New York acad- emy of medicine, and other social and professional organizations. He died in New, York city, Nov. 14, 1896.

BURDEN, Henry, inventor, was born in Dun- blane, Scotland, April 20, 1791o He was the son of a sheep husbandman, and was educated at a school of engineering in Edinburgh. He made a number of agricultural implements for use on his father's farm, and arranged a water-wheel by which they were operated. In 1819, he came to America, bringing letters of introduction to General Stephen Van Rensselaer, the patroon; Hon. John C. Calhoun; Hon. William C. Preston; Hon. Thomas H. Benton. He interested himself, at first, in the manufacture of agricultural tools and machines, which were exhibited at fairs, and to those interested in farming. He built a flouring mill, and afterwards a mill for work- ing up old iron scraps. At that time no pud- dling of iron was done in America. In 1830 he invented the first cultivator patented in this