Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 02.djvu/279

 CLEBURNE

CLEEMANN

(while on parade), and through the good offices of his fatlier\s old friends, Maj. Garnet Wolseley of the 25th foot, and Captain Pratt, his discharge was procured, and he was restored to his family. In 1855 lie joined his brother in the United States, abandoned physic for the law, studied under Judge Hani}- of the supreme court of Arkansas ; was admitted to tlie bar and became a successful lawyer at Helena. On the breaking out of the civil war he was one of the first volunteers to join the 1st Arkansas infantry, and for planning the .surprise and capture of the U.S. arsenal at Little Rock, he was soon after commissioned its captain. Promotion rapidly followed. During the first year of the war he earned the star which decorated him at Shiloh; in fifteen months he reached the grade of brigadier general, and soon after was made a major-general in the Confeder- ate army. At Perry ville, Ky. , Oct. 8, 1862, where he was severely wounded, he broke up the line between Rousseau's and Sheridan's divisions, and hastened the disaster to McCook's corps. At Stone's River, January 31, he fought from dawn till 3 p.m., his men not halting for food, rest or water; and without batteries to aid him, he routed and drove back, one after the other, three Union divisions, the last of them Sheridan's best troops. On the field of Chickamauga, under his own blue banner, he led his men in that brilliant and triumphant charge which decided the day; and after that Cleburne was justly named "The Stonewall of the West." At Mis- sionary Ridge in November, he commanded the right wing of the Confederate army and made a long and stubborn figlit until the centre was broken by Thomas's army and the line was en- filaded, when the wJiole Confederate army was routed and lost much of its artillery, which was turned against it, and fled under cover of niglit. For gallantry in this action General Cleburne received the thanks of the Confederate congress. He further distinguished himself at Kenesaw, Marietta, and at the great battle of Franklin, Tenn., where, after he had stormed and carried two lines of the Federal works, he was slain at the head of the troops lie had so long led to victory. His eulogy, by Gen. Robert E. Lee, pays the following tribute to his memory: " Cle- burne on our side inherited the intrepidity of liis race. On the field of battle he shone like a meteor; as a soldier he was all virtue; not a aingle vice stained him as a warrior ; his courage belonged to the age of chivalry, and no man ever left a purer fame and a name more unsullied than did General Cleburne in all that con.stitutes honor, bravery and spotless integrity." Cleburne instituted the "Order of the Southern Cross," similar to the " Loyal Legion," and was the first to suggest the use of colored troops by the Con-

federacy. In 1891 his remains were removed from Tennessee to Helena, Ark., where a beauti- ful shaft of Carrara marble now marks his rest- ing place. A memorial brass and a stained- glass window with a shield of his arms were placed to his memory on the chancel of the quaint old Norman church of his ancestral home at Cleburne in the county of Westmoreland, England. He was slain at the battle of Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864.

CLEBURNE, William, civil engineer and sci- entist, was born at the " Grange,"' county Cork, Ireland, in 1822 ; eldest son of Cleburne of "Grange," county Cork, and brother of Maj.- Gen. Patrick Ronayne Cleburne. He was edu- cated b}"^ private tutors until he entered Trinity college, Dublin, where he developed a taste for botany, geology and the exact sciences and l^u-oceeded to a degree. He was a gold medal- list of Trinity, and in the profession of civil engineering was the favorite pupil of Sir John Macneil, the eminent engineer. After coming to the United States he was engaged as division en- gineer on the Pennsylvania railroad system, and afterward largely contributed to the successful construction of the Pacific railroad, having his headquarters at Omaha, Neb. He was married to Eliza Thomasina, daughter of Capt. Willing- ton A. Ross of the 4th dragoon guards.

CLEEMANN, Richard Alsop, physician, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., Feb. 22, 1840; son of Gustavus Bernard Christian and Claramond (Colquhoun) Cleemann; and grandson of John Christian and Margaretta Eleonora (Hilda) Clee- mann; and of Walter and Claramond (Peter) Colquhoun. He was graduated at the Univer- sit}' of Pennsylvania in 1859, and received the degree of M.D. in 1862. In 1862-64 he was act- ing assistant surgeon, U.S.A., being stationed at the hospital of the P.E. church, Philadeliihia, 1862-63, and at the McClellan U.S.A. general hospital, 1863-64. He was district physician to the Philadelphia dispensary, 186.5-68; physician to the Church home for children, 1868-80 ; to St. Mary's hospital, 1872-76, and 1878-79; and a member of the Philadelphia board of health, 1878-87. In 1880 he was appointed alumni man- ager of the University hospital. From 1887 to 1892 he was director of charities and corrections in Philadelpliia and in 1893 was made a member of the state quarantine board of Pennsylvania, of which board he subsequently became piesident. He was elected a member of many prominent medical and scientific societies and is the author of reports on meteorology and epidemics and various papers in the Transactions of the College of physicians, Pliiladelphia, besides many contri- butions to medical literature.