Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 02.djvu/157

 GARY.

GARY.

GARY, Albigence Waldo, inventor, was born in Goventry, Kent c-ounty, R. I., May 23, 1801. He invented Gary's steam rotary force pump, which was used in mines, in the construction of railways, in raising sunken vessels, and on the first steam fire-engines built in the United States. He died in Brockport, N. Y., Aug. 30, 1862.

GARY, Alice, author, was born near Gincin- nati, Ohio, April 20, 1820; daughter of Robert and Elizabeth (Jessup) Gary. She received a limited education and early evinced literary ability. In 1835 her mother died, and two jears later her father married agam, and established a separate home for himself near the cottage where his children resided. Alice began to write at the age of eighteen, and from that time contributed largely to the periodical press, both prose and poetry. The Child of Sorrow, her first literary venture, appeared in the Sentinel (afterwards the Star of the West). The Star was for many years her only regular medium of publication. Her first prose work was contributed to the National Era, established at Washington bj- Dr. Bailey in 1847. Slie wrote stories for this per- iodical under the pen name of Patty Lee, and received as her first honorarium the sum of ten dollars from Dr. Bailey. In 1849 appeared the Poems of Alice and Phoebe Gary. Men of letters all over the United States had written to the sisters words of praise and encouragement on reading their poems in the corners of newspapers and magazines, and the reception of their first book determined them to visit the east. They went to New Y^ork, Boston and Amesbury. and the poet AVhittier commemorated their visit to him in his poem of the Singer, the subject of which was Alice. In November, 1850, she started forth alone to make for herself a home in New Y''ork city. Of this venture she writes, " Had I known the great world as I have learned it since I should not have dared." She made friends from the first, and in 1851 wrote for her sisters to join her. In 1852 she publislied the Clover- nook Papers, which sold largely in Great Britain as well as in the United States. This encourage- ment led to the publication of a second series in 1853. The influence of Alice Gary's beautiful character was felt in her home, and in her inter- course with others; the house on Twentieth street, where the sisters resided after 1855, as they attained literary distinction, became the centre of the New Y'ork world of letters, and to name all the distinguished men and women who met there for insj)iration and refreshment would be to call the roll of the notable clergymen, pub- lishers, authors and artists of the day. She was an indefatigable worker, writing for a great part of each dav for twenty years, during which time she produced eleven volumes, in addition to

almost innumerable contributions to periodical literature. She left unfinished a novel entitled The Born Thrall. Her published works are: Clovernook Papers (1851-53): Hagar, a Story of To-day (1852); The Clovernook Children (1854); Lyra and other Poems (1853); The Maiden of Tlascala (1855); Married, not Mated (1856); Pictures of Coiuitry Life (1859); Lyrics and Hymns (1866); The Bishop's Son (1867); The Lovei-'s Diary {18Q7); Snoiv Berries (1869). She died in New Y^ork city, Feb. 12, 1871.

GARY, Annie Louise, singer, was born at Wayne, Kennebec county. Me., Oct. 22, 1842; daughter of Dr. Nelson Howard and Maria (Stock- bridge) Gary. She was graduated at the Gorham (Me.) female seminary in 1862. After studying music in Boston imder Lyman W. Wheeler she was sent to Milan, Italy, in 1866, and studied for two years under Gio- vanni Gorsi. She engaged with an Italian opera com- pany, and early in 1868 made her debut at Gopenhagen as Azucena in " II Tro- vatore, " afterwards f^

singing in Gothen- '-^M

burg and Ghristi- V-^«^-|^.; ania. During the '^ summer she re- mained in Baden- CoffiU^ Baden, pursuing her studies under Madame Viardot-Garcia. In the early fall of 1868 she sang in Italian opera in Stockholm under Ferdinand Strakosch, and later in the season sang in the royal Swedish opera. The sumnaer of 1869 was devoted to study under Bottesini in Paris, and at the begin- ning of the fall season she sang in Brussels, and made a three years' engagement with Max and Maurice Strakosch to sing in the United States. She remained in Europe, studying in Paris and singing in London, until the autumn of 1870. when she made her America i debut at Stein way Hall, New Y''ork, in concert with Nilsson. Brignoli and Vieuxtemps. She was received everywhere in her native country with enthusiasm. Return- ing to Europe in 1875 she sang during the season at St. Petersburg and Moscow, and again ap- peared at those cities in 1876-'77. The next two seasons she sang in America with Kellogg and Rose in opera. In the fall of 1879 she began an engagement with the Mapleson company, and remained with them during the two succeeding seasons, singing in concerts and festivals in the

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