Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 02.djvu/122

 CAMPBELL.

CAMPBELL.

CAMPBELL, Alexander William, soldier, was born iu Nashville, Tenn., June 4, 1828. He was prepared for college in the schools of his native city, and in 1847 was graduated from the West Tennessee college. He finished a course of study at the Lebanon law school in 1851, and was admitted to the bar. He enlisted in the Confed- erate service in 1861, was placed on the staff of Gen. B. F. Cheatham, and was promoted colonel of the 34th Tennessee infantry in October of that year. After gaining promotion to the rank of brigadier-general he was given command of a cavalry brigade, under General Forrest, in Sep- tember, 1864. He died in Jackson, Tenn., June 13, 1893.

CAMPBELL, Allen, engineer, was born in Albany, N. Y., in 1815. He was employed as chief engineer of a railroad, and as civil engineer on the Erie canal and the Ohio river improve- ment from 1836 to 1850, when he w-ent to Chili, wliere he constructed the first railroad in South America. About 1856 he returned to New York city and became chief engineer, and, later, president of the New York and Harlem railroad, holding the latter office for six years. During the civil war he was employed as engineer of the harbor defences of the port of New York, and later became chief engineer of construction of the Union Pacific railroad. On Jan. 21, 1876, he was appointed commissioner of public works of New York city. Ill 1880 he was appointed comp- troller of the city, and in 1882 was an unsuccess- ful candidate for mayor of New York on the citizens' ticket. He died in New York city, March 18, 1894.

CAMPBELL, Andrew, inventor, was born near Trenton, N. J., June 14, 1821. He worked on a farm and with a carriage-maker, and learned to make brushes in Trenton, his first invention being a brush-drawer's vice, after- wards generally used. He worked as a carriage- maker at Alton, 111., from 1835 to 1842, and as a bruslimaker at St. Louis, Mo., from 1842 to 1850. While in St. Louis he built the first omnibus used in the city, and constructed a mammoth omnibus to carry one hundred persons. He bviilt a single-span wooden bridge, of 558 feet, over Cedar river, Iowa. In 1853 he visited New York city to exhibit at the World's fair a lathe for turning metal boxes, and there submitted his plans for an improved printing-press and folding machine. He entered the employ of A. B. Tay- lor & Co., press builders, and built for Harper & Brothers presses with table distributions, and for Frank Leslie, the first automatic press ever built in the United States, which was first operated in 1857. In 1858 he went into the business of manu- facturing printing machines on his own account. In 1861 he invented the Campbell country press,

and in 1869, the two-revolution printing press on which illustrated magazines are printed. In 1875 he invented, as he believed, the first stereotype perfecting press, with continuous folder, paster, inserter, and cutter combined, for general newspaper work. His claim was dis- puted, however, and liis patents transferred to another manufactvirer. His rapid self super- imposing press, on which seven million impres- sions were taken fi"om one form without ap- parent wear to the plates, was a great advance in printing machines. His long list of devices, only a few of which were patented, comprise labor-saving machinery relating to hat manu- facture, steam engines, machinists' tools, litho- graphic machinery, and electrical appliances. He died in a Brooklyn (N. Y.) ambulance^ April, 1890.

CAMPBELL, Bartley, playwright, Avas bortt in Allegheny city, Pa., Aug. 12, 1843. After two years of legal study he became a reporter, and in. 1863-' 64 made Democratic speeches. He started the Evening Mail at Pittsburg in 1868, and tho^ Southern Magazine in New Orleans, 1869. A year later he was official reporter of the Louisiana house of representatives. He began writing^ plays, in 1871, with Tlirough Fire, Peril, Risks, Fate and The Virginian (1872) ; Gran Uale (1874) ; On the Rhine (1875) : TJie Big Bon- anza (1875) ; A Heroine in Rags, and IIoiv Women Love (1876) ; Clio (1878) : Fairfax

(1879) ; The Galley Slave (1879) ; Matrimony

(1880) ; and White Slave, My GerakUne. Si- beria, Paquita, make his list only laartially complete. In 1886 he was obliged to give up active work as Ins brain became affected and he died at Middletown, N. Y. July 30, 1888.

CAMPBELL, Charles, liistorian, was born in Petersbui!;-, Va. May 1, 1807; son of John Wilson Campbell, tlie historian, who. in 1813, publislied a History of Virginia to 1781. He was edu- cated at Princeton, and upon his graduation in 1825 commenced teaching. From 1842 to 1855 lie conducted a classical scliool, which he had estab- lished at Petersburg, and in the latter year became principal of the Anderson seminary in that city. He was the editor of the famou* Bland Papers (1840-'43), and of the Orderly- Book of Gen. Andreiv Leivis (Richmond, 1860), and he was the author of An Introduction to- the History of the Colony and Ancient Domin- ion of Virginia (Richmond, 1847 ; Philadelphia, 1859) ; Some Materials for a Memoir of John Daly Burk (Albany, 1868), and Genealogy of the Spotsivood Family (Albany, 1868). He was a contributor to the Historical Register and to the Southern Literary Messenger. He died in Staun- ton, Va., July 11, 1876.