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BROOKS.BROOKS. N. J., which position he filled for ten years. In 1894 he went to Castine, Me., where he devoted himself to literary work. He spent the winter of 1894 -'95 in travelling in Europe and the East. Among his published works are : " The Boy Emi- grants " (1877) ; " The Fairport Nine '" (1880) ; 'Lost in the Fog" (1884) ; " Our Base Ball Club " (1884); Coast " (1894) ; " Abraham Lincoln and the Down- fall of American Slavery •* (1894) ; " Short Studies in American Party Politics (1895) : " How the Re- public is Governed " (1895) ; " Washington in Lin- coln's Time" (1896); "The Mediterranean Trip " (1896), a "Continuation of W. C. Bryant's Pop- ular History of the United States" (1896) : and " Gen. Henry Knox, Soldier " (1902). He died at Pasadena, California, Aug. 16, 1903.
 * ' Abraham Lincoln " (1888) ; '• Tales of the Maine

BROOKS, Peter Chardon, underwriter, was born in North Yarmouth, Me., Jan. 6, 1767; son of Edward Brooks, a clergyman, native of Med- ford, Mass. In 1769 his parents removed to Medford, and in 1781 his father died. The son worked on the farm for a few years, and was then apprenticed to a merchant in Boston. In 1787 he engaged in the insurance business; became secretary, and later manager and owner of a broker's office, and in 1803 he retired from business, having accumulated a large fortune. He later accepted the position of president of the New England insurance company, which he held for some years. He also was president of the savings bank of Boston, and of the Massachu- setts hospital life insurance company, and treas- urer of the Washington monument society'. He at different times served in both branches of the state legislature, where he was influential in the suppression of lotteries, was a member of the first municipal council of Boston after its in- corporation as a city, and was a member of the state constitutional convention of 1830. Three of his daughters married distinguished men, Ed- ward Everett, Charles Francis Adams, and Rev. N. L. Frotbingham. He died Jan. 1, 1849.

BROOKS, Phillips, 6th bishop of Massachu- setts, and 158th in succession in the American episcopate, was born in Boston, Mass., Dec. 13, 1835, son of William Gray and Mary Ann (Phillips) Brooks. He was descended from Puritan clergy- men on both the paternal and maternal side ; from Rev. John Cotton on his father's side, and from the Phillips family, the founders of the two Phillips academies, on his mother's. His father was for forty years a hardware merchant in Boston. PhilUps was one of four brothers or- dained to the Episcopal ministry, and was sent first to the Adams school and afterwards to the Boston Latin school; entered Harvard and was ST'aduated with the class of 1855, after which he was for a time a tutor in the Boston Latin school.

Determining to enter the ministry he chose the theological seminary at Alexandria, Va., as the place of his preparation, went there in the fall

THE PHn^LIPS MA^'SE, AXDOVER

of 1856, and was graduated in 1859. His first preaching was done among the poor whites in a small building at Sharon a few miles from the seminary, where numbers flocked to hear liim, as throngs did later in churches and cathedrals. After his ordination as a deacon in the chapel of the seminary, July 1, 1859, he accepted the rectorship of the Church of the Advent in Philadelphia, and was ordained to the priesthood in his own church. May 27, 1860, by Bishop Alonzo Potter. Two years later, he succeeded Dr. Alex. H. Vinton as rector of the church of the Holy Trinity, Philadelphia. Dr. Vinton had been the rector of St. Paul's, Boston, the church home of PhilUps Brooks in his younger days, and his influence and advice had done much to mould the religious character of the boy. During these years in Philadelphia — years of the civil war — many of Mr. Brooks's discourses awakened in the minds of his hearers the most ardent patriotic feeling, for he did not hesitate to touch upon the larger political questions of that stormy time ; and in recognition of his brilUant efforts in behalf of the cause of the Union he was made a member of the Loyal Legion. His sermon on Abraham Lincoln, preached in Phila- delphia when the body of the murdered President was lying in state in that city, illustrates very aptly the nature of these discourses and the ful- ness and balance of the character which blended so fitly the citizen and the man of God. At the close of the war Mr. Brooks was called upon to take a prominent part in two public recognitions of the re-establishment of peace; he made the prayer at a great mass meeting held in front of Independence hall, Philadelphia, and performed the same office at the commemoration at Harvard college. His utterance on this latter occasion was so inspired and in.spiring that it evoked in some of his audience a desire that he shoiild be identified with Boston, and eventually resulted