Page:The Biographical Dictionary of America, vol. 01.djvu/144

ARNOLD.ARNOLD. was admitted to the bar, and the following year removed to the village of Chicago, Ill. When Chicago was organized as a city, he was elected city clerk and subsequently held other municipal offices. He was a representative in the Illinois state legislature, 1842-'43, and in 1856; a presidential elector in 1844, and was elected to the 37th and 38th congresses, serving, 1861-'65. He was appointed an auditor of the U.S. treasury in 1865, and was president of the Chicago historical society for several years. He lectured before literary societies in England and America and published "Life of Abraham Lincoln and the Overthrow of Slavery" (1867), and "Life of Benedict Arnold" (1880). He died April 24, 1884. ARNOLD, Jonathan, delegate, was born in Providence, R.I., Dec. 14, 1741. He studied medicine and engaged in practice in Providence. He became a charter member of the Providence grenadiers in 1774, represented his native place in the state assembly in 1776, where he was the originator of the act repealing the laws providing for the oath of allegiance to the mother country. He served as surgeon in the Revolutionary army and was director of the army hospital at Providence during the war. He was a delegate to the Continental Congress, 1782-'84; removed to St. Johnsbury, Vt., and was county judge until his death. He died in St. Johnsbury, Vt., Feb. 2, 1798. ARNOLD, Lauren Briggs, agriculturist, was born in Herkimer county, N. Y., Aug. 31, 1814. He received an academical education and was graduated from Union college in 1843, and in 1857 he organized one of the earliest farmers' clubs in western New York, and read to it his first essay on dairying. In 1868 he built a model cheese factory, where he had a perfect dairy laboratory, which enabled him to make several valuable discoveries in the chemistry of cheesemaking. In 1874, his health having failed, he took a five-acre farm in Rochester, N. Y. He lectured upon dairy husbandry at Cornell university and before farmers' organizations, and wrote largely for the agricultural press. In 1886 he was sent by the government to represent the United States at the annual meeting of the British dairy association in London. He died March 8, 1888. ARNOLD, Lemuel Hastings, governor of Rhode Island, was born at St. Johnsbury, Vt., Jan. 29, 1792, son of Jonathan Arnold, a surgeon in the Revolutionary war. After his graduation from Dartmouth college in 1811 he devoted three years to the study of law, going then to Providence, R. I., where he practised for seven years. In 1821 he entered a manufacturing business, in which he was quite successful. He represented Providence in the general assembly from 1826 to 1831, when he was elected governor of Rhode Island, serving a second term by re-election. During the Dorr rebellion of 1842-'43 he was a member of the executive council, and in 1844 he was elected to represent his state in the 29th Congress, where he served throughout his term. He died June 27, 1852. ARNOLD, Lewis G., soldier, was born at Morristown, N. J., in December, 1815. He was graduated at West Point in 1837, and was given the rank of 2d lieutenant of artillery. He served in the Florida war in 1837-'38; in escorting the Cherokee Indians to the west in 1838; and on the northern frontier during the Canadian border disturbances. He fought with conspicuous bravery during the Mexican war, being engaged in the siege of Vera Cruz, where he was wounded. He also served at the battle of Cerro Gordo, the capture of San Antonio and the battles of Contreras and Churubusco, receiving the rank of captain for gallantry in the last engagement, and brevet major for conduct at Chapultepec. In 1848 he was assigned to garrison duty at Fort Monroe, Va., remaining there five years. From 1853 to 1857 he was engaged in the Florida hostilities, and was on garrison duty until the beginning of the civil war. In May, 1861, he was promoted major, and in November of the same year received the brevet rank of lieutenant-colonel for his services during the bombardment of Fort Pickens, Fla. In January, 1862, he was promoted brigadier-general of volunteers, and was stationed at various posts in Florida and Louisiana until November, when he was on sick leave. In August, 1863, he was promoted lieutenant-colonel of artillery, and was retired from active service Feb. 8, 1864. He died in South Boston, Mass., Sept. 22, 1871. ARNOLD, Peleg, jurist, was born at Smithfield, R. I., in 1752. He was admitted to the bar and practised his profession in his native state. He served in the general assembly of Rhode Island, and in 1787 was a delegate to the Continental congress, where he remained two years. He was appointed chief justice of the supreme court of the state serving, 1795-1809 and 1810-'12. He died in Smithfield, R.I., Feb. 13, 1820. ARNOLD, Richard, soldier, was born in Providence, R. I., April 12, 1828, son of Lemuel Hastings Arnold, governor of Rhode Island. He was graduated at West Point in 1850. In 1853 he was a member of the party exploring for the Northern Pacific railroad, and from 1855 to 1861 was aid to General Wool in California. At the outbreak of the Civil war he was commissioned captain in the 5th artillery and did service at Bull Run, and throughout the peninsular campaign under General McClellan. He was brevetted major, June 29, 1862, for services rendered at Savage Station, Va., and in the following November was promoted