Page:The Barbarism of Slavery - Sumner - 1863.pdf/36

 30 during the

last three years, 1857, 1858,

States there were

9560



and 1859.

in the Slave States,

In the Free

1449— making

a

8111 in favor of Freedom. The number in Free Massachusetts was 972 in Slave South-Carolina, 39. The number in Free Connecticut, small in territory and population, was 628; in Slave "Virginia, large in territory and population, 184. difference of



From in the

all

these things

Slave States



but

we might this

infer the ignorance prevalent

shows

itself in specific results

of a

deplorable character, authenticated by the official census. It appears that in the Slave States there were 493,026 native white

persons over twenty years of age who can not read and write, while in the Free States, with double the white population, there were but 248,725 native whites over twenty years of age

unhappy predicament. In the Slave States the proporwas 1 to 12 in the Free States it was 1 to 53. The num-

in this tion



ber in Free Massachusetts, with a population of nearly a million the number in Slave South-Carolina, was 1005, or 1 in 517 with a population under three hundred thousand, was 15,580,

or 1 in

7.

The number

in Free Connecticut

was

1 in

277



in

Slave Virginia, 1 in 5 in Free New-Hampshire, 1 in 201, and in Slave North-Carolina, 1 in 3. Before closing this picture of Slavery, where the dismal colors all come from official figures, there are two other aspects in

for a moment it may be regarded The first is the influence which it has on emigration. It is stated in the official compendium of the census, (page 115,) that

which 1.

those persons living in Slave States

who

are natives of Free

States are more numerous than those living in Free States who This is an egregious error. Just are natives of Slaves States.

The census of 1850 found 609,371 in the in the Slave States, while onlv 206,born were Free States who were in the Slave States. And States Free the in 638 born of the Free States is double that population white since the

the contrary

is true.

of the Slave States,

it

appears that the proportion of whites

moving from Slavery is six times greater than that of whites moving into Slavery. In this simple fact is disclosed something of the aversion to Slavery which is aroused even in the Slave States. 2. The second aspect is furnished by the character of the region on the border-line between Freedom and Slavery. In gen-