Page:The Art of Bookbinding, Zaehnsdorf, 1890.djvu/217

Rh made in the boards, they are said to be laced in or drawn in.

.—Law books are usually bound in calf left wholly uncoloured, hence the term for white calf.

.—A piece of wood, the upper surface being slightly rounded, upon which side labels are lettered.

.—A wooden box in which hand-letters are kept (see ).

.—The coloured or marbled paper at each end of the volume. Called also end-papers.

.—One who marbles the edges of books and paper.

.—The art of floating various colours on a size, from which it is transferred to paper or book edges. To stain or vein leather like marble.

.—When the back of a book is being marked for flexible sewing.

.—The boards that are attached to the book. Various kinds are in use now; the most common is made of straw, the best of old naval cordage.

.—When the lines in finishing meet each other at right angles without overrunning each other, they are said to be mitred. Joined at an angle of 45°.

.—A term used in bygone days, indicating the common binding of school books in sheep-skin.

.—An old term indicating a bad workman.

.—The impression made by the print against the opposite page, when a book has been rolled or beaten before the ink be dried. (Also .)

.—When a volume is cut before the boards are affixed, it is done out of boards. Nearly the whole of common work is done out of boards.

.—When a book is not cut square.

.—An operation in sewing, when the work consists of single leaves or plates. Over-sewing.

.—The tools used for finishing across backs.

.—The space between the bands.

.—Covering the edges after they are gilt, to protect them while the volume is being covered and finished (see ).

.—Reducing the edges of the leather by forming a gradual slope.

.—The knife used for paring.

.—Paste diluted with water.

.—A wooden instrument used to hang up damp sheets for drying.

.—A small brush of camel's hair used for glairing.

.—Any space that has another leather upon it, as a lettering piece.

.—The instrument used for cutting the edges when the book is in the lying press.

.—The knife attached to the plough.