Page:The Art of Bookbinding, Zaehnsdorf, 1890.djvu/216

176 follows the sequence of the signature.

.—Applies to both the edges and to the ornaments in finishing.

.—The white of eggs beaten up.

.—A cushion for cutting the gold leaf on.

.—The knife for cutting the gold; long and quite straight.

.—A tool used in finishing; it is a line forming the segment of a circle.

.—Boards used for producing a grain on calf and russia books. Grain of various form is cut in wood, and by pressure the leather upon which the boards are laid receives the impression.

.—Metal plates same as above.

.—Strips of paper inserted in the backs of books intended for the insertion of plates, to prevent the book being uneven when filled; also the strips upon which plates are mounted.

.—The groove in which the plough moves upon the face of the cutting press.

.—A machine used for cutting paper.

.—A roll with a pattern similar to the edge of an old guinea.

.—When a volume is covered with leather upon the back and corners; and the sides with paper or cloth

.—Letters fixed in handles; used singly for lettering.

.—The top and bottom of a book.

.—The silk or cotton ornament worked at the head and tail of a volume, as a finish and to make the back even with the boards.

.—Sheets rejected on account of being in some respect imperfect, and for which others are required to make the work complete.

.—When a volume is cut after the mill-boards are attached, it is said to be cut in boards.

.—The inner pages of a sheet, cut off in folding certain sizes; to be inset in the centre of the sheet.

.—The projection formed in backing to admit the mill-boards. The leather or cloth placed from the projection on to the mill-board is called a joint.

.—The chain-stitch which the sewer makes at the head and tail of a book. A corruption of either chain-stitch, or catch-up stitch.

.—Little metal instruments used to secure the bands to the sewing press.

.—A piece of iron having a small leg in the centre by which it is secured in the lying press. When fastened there it is used to pound or beat with a hammer the slips into the boards after they are laced in, so that they do not show when the book is covered.

.—When the mill-boards are attached to the volume by means of the slips being passed through holes