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Pogamoggon, its use by Shoshone Indians, 424 Poison, etymological testimony to its use on arrows, 362

Pole-lathe, mechanism of, 447

Polished patches on celts due to hafting, 89, 337

Polishers of stone, 266, 267; in Kent's Cavern, 492

Polishing, absence of from palæolithic implements, 649; processes for, 43

"Polissoirs," 262

Polygonal flakes, abundance of, in River-Drift, 642

Poppe, Mr. A., doubtful discoveries of hafted hatchets by, 163

Porphyritic greenstone, axes of, 193, 198; celts of, 104, 116, 124, 125, 129, 130, 136; chisel-like implement of, 176; knife of, 346; perforated adze of, 189

Porphyry, rolled fragments of, in Bournemouth gravels, 694; Spanish implements of, 529; slate, polished pebble of, 467

Pottery, absence of, from palæolithic deposits, 658; association of, with celts, 152; fragment of, from Cissbury, 79; in interments, 160, 248, 464; materials pounded for making, 257; possible use of bone instruments in making, 432; Roman, flint flakes with, 283; serrated flints for decorating, 296

"Pot-stone," or steatite, 444; why so called, 451

Poulton, Prof. E.B„ drift implements found by, 626

Pounders, pebbles used as, 244-248; ridged by use, 246; spherical, 250

Pounding-stones, palæolithic, probable uses of, 657

Pourtales, M. F. de, on the use of bone in arrow-chipping, 39

Pressigny-le-Grand, cores from, 27, 28; long flakes at, 29

Prestwich, the late Sir Joseph; researches with author in Somme valley, 490, 527; at Icklingham, 539; at Reculver, 613; his report on Brixham Cave, 512; section of Ouse valley, 531; section of Lark valley, 543; section of Reculver Sands, 617; on drift deposits at Hoxne, 574; on drift deposits capping chalk downs, 608; implements found by, 593, 632; on Fishertonbeds, 630; on uses of pointed implements, 645, 654; on river action, 663; on transporting power of ground-ice, 671; on disintegrating effect of frost, 672; on materials of drift gravels, 678; on level of Waveney valley, 683; old sea-beach found by at Waterbeach, 687; on valley erosion, 697; on difference between high and low level valley deposits, 699; on time needed for forming pipes of erosion, 707

Probert, Mr. C. K., drift implement found by, 538

Prometheus as to cave-dwelling men, 480

Promptorium Parvulorum quoted as to slick-stones, 441

Ptahmes, his name on stone knife, 8

Puddingstone, Hertfordshire, querns of, 259

Pulley-beads, 560

Pulley-shaped rings, of jet, 352, 398, 455 ; of cannel-coal, 456

"Pump-drill" for producing fire by friction, 48, 49

Punches, probable uses of in flint-flaking, 23, 25, 278; in making axes, 32

"Purgatory Hammer, 183

"Pygmy flints," 325

Pyrenees, Claudian on worked flints of the caves of, 480

Pyrites, association of, with worked flints, 5, 313, 314, 316; in Belgian bone caves, 15, 318; in interments, 265, 313, &c., 467; scored, in Trou de Chaleux, 318, 501; use of with flint for fire-producing, 5, &c.; its use evidenced by its name, 16

Pyrodes, myth as to his introduction of fire, 16, 313

Quarries of stone for implements, 80

Quartz, American arrow or harpoon heads of, 407; Australian hafting of flakes of, 293; beads of, 465; celt of, 136; crystals of, used for boring, 322; Egyptian celt of, 113; flat disc of, 244; pebbles, association of, with flint flakes, 25; hammers of, 243, 248; pebbles in interments, 467; slickstones of, 442; Swiss arrow-head of, 402; implements, African, 653; implements from Portugal, 529

Quartzite, axe-hammer of, 207; celt of, 113; flakes of, 281; hammer-heads of, 225, 228, 229; implements of, 587, 593, 650, 651, 654; implements from Somaliland, 653; mauls of, 234; pebbles of, battered glacial, 561; pebbles, implements of, 566, 579, 594; pebles in Little Ouse valley, 682; plano-convex disc of, 231; qualities of, for implement making, 581; Scotch arrow-head of, 377; spherical implement of, 244

Quaternary beds, freshwater origin of, 679; first discovery of implements in, 581; in Portugal, 529; reported human remains in, 703; fauna, continental conditions of in England, 707; gravel, character of flint implements from, 12

Queen Charlotte Islands, basalt hammer from, 25

Querns, 258-260; from Brochs, 463

Quoit, disc resembling, 440

Rabut, M., hammer-stone found by, in the Lac du Bourget, 246

Rain, proportion of, that reaches chalk springs, 675

Rainfall, dependence of height of saturation of chalk on, 664; valley erosion dependent on amount of, 666, 668

Rats, perforated discs for guarding against, 439

Rau, Prof., his experiments on boring stone, 48; referred to, 237, 241

Rayos or Centellos, 58

Razors, Mexican, of obsidian, 290

Read, Mr. C. J., on Milford Hill finds, 632

Read, Mr. C. H., on Bolas, 423

Read, Mr. W., C. E., drift implements found by, 623

Red deer, antlers of, used in flint digging, 33; found at Cissbury, 79; flat instrument made from, 432; circle of in barrow, 466; sockets made from, 160

"Red woman of Paviland," 487

Reeds, use of, for shafting arrows, 369, 409, 410

Refuse heaps in Dordogne caves, 478

"Regenbogen-schüsseln," with flint arrow-head, 397

Reid, Mr. Clement, on the Arctic flora of Hoxne, 577; on the Hoxne deposits, 685

Reindeer or Cavern Period, arrow-heads of, 361; cave-dwellers of, in S. of France, 277; characteristics of, 53; characteristics of caves of the, 482; objects found in caverns of, 321; scrapers of, 311; toothed flakes of, 296;_ use of red paint in, 264; worked stones in caves of, 245

Reindeer horn, Eskimo flaking-tool tipped with, 37; harpoon-heads of, 484; rows of holes bored in, 321

Religious rites, survival of ancient customs in, 5, 7