Page:The Ancient Stone Implements (1897).djvu/745

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Gold, armilla of, 460; box-like objects of, 460; circular ornaments of, 427; cup of, in barrow, 449; engraved haft of, with Egyptian blade, 359; on handle of bronze dagger, 227; perforated studs covered with, 456; plates of, in barrow, 227, 428

Gold mines of Egypt, bronze chisels in, 6

Gooch, Mr. W. D., on African palæolithic implements, 653

Goose, wild, remains of in Fisherton drift beds, 631

Gordon, Robert, of Straloch, on elf-darts, 364

Gouges, abundance of, in Scandinavia, 178; bronze mould for, 269; Irish, 181; rare in Britain, 178

Granite, ball of, in Kent's Cavern, 503; blocks of, used as anvils, 245; celt of, 108; hammer stone of, in Kent's Cavern, 503; hand-mills of, in recent use, 253; ironing stones of, 443; perforated axes of, 195, 198; polished hammer of, 222; saddle-quern of, 252; wedge-shaped blades of, 97; waterworn fragments of, in Bournemouth gravels, 694

Grass, asserted hafting of implement with, 645

Grass-tree, Australian use of gum from the, 170

Grattoirs, 298

Grattoir-bec, 305

Gravel, pipes of in chalk, 551; bones of animals smaller than man not found in, 656

Gravel Hill, Brandon, 562-567

Gravels, French, 526-8, 698; Spanish, &c., 529; English, 530 et seq.; deposited, transported, and re-laid, 670, 693, 700; nature of, governed by local causes, 678; see "Sections"; relations of to Boulder Clay, 577, 685, 697

Graves, Rev. J., on recent use of a quern, 258

Greece and Italy, precedence of bronze to iron in, 6; obsidian cores from, 28; stone implements as thunderbolts in, 59

Greek language, priority of bronze and iron shown by, 5; inscription on celt, 61, 62

Greeks, their reverence for the hatchet, 62; use of sling bullets among the, 418

Greenhill, Mr. J. E., on the London gravels, 586

Greenland, fish-hook in grave in, 294; harpoon points of chalcedony in, 405

Greenough map, the, referred to, 683

Greenstone celt, sawing of, with flint flake, 45

Greenwell, Canon, his explorations at Grime's Graves, 33, 40; of barrows, passim

Gregory, Mr. A. G., on stone-working in Australia, 26

Grew, Dr. Nehemiah, on "the flat Bolthead," 364

Grewinck, Herr, on stone-boring tools, 47

Griffiths, Rev. Dr., ovate implements found by, 601

Grime's Graves, explorations by Canon Greenwell at, 33, 40

Grinding implements, absence of, in palæolithic times, 649; corn, mediæval litigation as to, 25; corn in Ireland, 251; maize, Kaffir mill for, 250

Grinding stones and whetstones, 261-271; in interments, 83, 84; fixed, not revolving, 43, 261; Scandinavian, 43, 261

Grit, from millstones, teeth worn by, 253

Grooved hammers, 233-236; sharpening stone from La Madelaine, 484

Grooves worked on axes, 168, 169, 211, 212; for hafting, on hammer stones, 233; on rocks, due to sharpening tools, 262; pebbles with, 271

Grottoes, funereal, 160

Ground-ice, formation of, 671

Guanches, obsidian knives used by the, 8

Guernsey, manufactory of arrow-heads in, 401

Gum, Australian implements hafted with, 97, 137

Gun-flints, present manufacture of, 14, 18

Gutsmuths on ancient stone-boring, 49

Gutteridge, Mr. William, drift implement found by, 598

Habits of Palæolithic Period, 656-658

Hâches à bouton and à tête, 135

Hacket, Mr., Indian quartzite implement found by, 651

Hacquet, M., on the manufacture of gun-flints, 18, 21

Hæmatite, celts made of, 127; hammer of, 219; scraped, for personal decoration, 248, 263, 264, 312, 484; sling bullets of, 418

Haft of celt, carved, 152; of Mexican blade, jewelled, 355

Hafts, club-like, 155; forked, for hatchets, 163, 164

Hafted celts, discoveries of, 151-155

Hafting, Carib method of, 155;; contrivances for assisting, 141, 151-172; of daggers by split wood, 349; of flakes, 288, 289, 292, 293, 502; by flexible wooden binding, 167; of flint blade by moss, 349; of hammers with small perforations, 217; of Maori chisels, 178; by means of growing wood, 155, 218; of spear-heads, 350, 351

Hakke, or hoes, 191

Halberd, meaning of, 146

Halliwell, Mr., on the Stone axe, 146

Hallstatt, objects from, 460, 464, 465; ornaments from, 84; perforated whetstones, 269; transitional period of cemetery of, 7

Hamard, Abbé, his researches at Hermes, 314

Hammers, barrel-shaped, 224; boulders used as, 234; broken celt converted into, 242; for chipping flints, 248-258; conical, 223; cylindrical, 224; with depressions of faces, 239, 240; egg-shaped, 224, 225; Eskimo, 25; grooved, 233-236; from Kent's Cavern, 503; ornamented, 226; horn, in contracted interment, 434; ovoid pebbles perforated for, 228; of peculiar forms, 219; perforated, 217-232; possible use of, as weapons, 220, 221; Purgatory, 183; of stag's horn, 35, 41, 434; stone, still used in Iceland, 11

Hammer-stones, in barrows, 235, &c.; of bronze, 246; cavities worked in, 238; definition of, 238; with depressions of faces, 240-246; discoidal, 249; flint, at Cissbury, 32; grooved for hafting, 233; made from cores, 248; North American, 241; palæolithic, 536; on Palæolithic floor, 606; perforated, abundance of in Ireland, 232; polished by use, 248; ridges on, 246

Hand, implements adapted for holding in the, 136, 140, 151, 358, 552, 557, 645

Hand-hatchets, 137

Hand-mills of stone, recent use of, 253; with rotatory upper stone, 258

Handle, jewelled, of Mexican blade, 355; skin, of flint flake, 293; of turned stone cups, how left; 446, 447; wooden, of celts, 119, 152; wooden, of celts, rare in Britain, 151; wooden, of stag's horn axe, 434

Handled celt, representation of in dolmen, 153 "Handled wedges," 205

Hardening of flints by exposure, 32

Hardy, M. Michel, on accidentally fractured flints, 658

Harland, Mr. H. S., grinding tools found by, 266

Harpoon-heads, of horn or bone, in French caves, 484; of horn in Kent's Cavern, 504; Eskimo, single barbed, 394; perforated. 410; of quartz in S. America, 407