Page:The Ancient Stone Implements (1897).djvu/739

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Beetles, elytra of, in brick-earth. 536

Beger, "celtes" first named by, 55

Belcher, Sir Edward, on Eskimo arrow-flaking, 37, 39; "flensing-knife," 292; stone working, 25; stone planes, 299

Bell, Mr. A. M., discoveries of implements by, 503, 610

Bellilah, Australian mode of pounding, 245;

Belt, the iate Mr. Thomas, on Hoxne deposits, 576

ΒΕΝΙΠε, interpretation of, 5

Bennett, Mr. F. G., implements found by, 536, 627

Bernays, Mr. E. A., palæolithic implement found by, 611

Bicarbonate of lime, proportion of, in chalk-streams, 675

"Bill." meaning of, 146

Bipennis, 146

Birds, remains of, in Fisherton beds, 631

Bison, caves of the age of the, 481

Bitumen, use of, in Swiss Lake-dwellings, 170, 292, 409; Egyptian arrows secured to shaft by, 369

"Black balls," present use of, in ballots, 468

"Black-boy gum," flints mounted in, 277

Blackmore, Dr. Humphrey P., drift implements found by, 627, 628, 635

Blacksmiths, modern, their mode of hafting chisels, 168, 233

Blades of flint, crescent-shaped, 355; Egyptian, 354; from Kent's Cavern, 496

Blanford, Mr. W. T., Indian drift implements found by, 651

Blunting of battle-axes, 196, 207

Boars' teeth in interments, 83, 148, 328, 427

Bodkin of wood in urn, 433

Bodmann, flint manufactory at, 22

Bohemian stone axes, 51

Bolas, present mode of using, 422

"Bolthead, the flat," 364

Bonardo on flint arrow-heads, 364

Bone, arrow-heads of, 21, 361, 402; awl, 523; beads, 211, 432, 456; blade of, flint flakes inserted in, 277, 294; chisels, 177; harpoons of, 277, 394; instruments in interments, 313, 314, 431, &c.; needles, 321, 433, 523; objects of, in caves, 484, 488, 492, 523, &c.; late Roman, 144; pins, 34, 40, 83, 186, 431, 432; plate of, perforated, 428; rounded piece of, 34; single-barbed arrow-head of, 409; tools of, Eskimo, 410; tube, 268; used in arrow-chipping, 39, &c.; wedge for working obsidian, 24

Bones, crushing of, probably for marrow, 25, 239, 504, 657; gnawed, 486, 508; human, with those of extinct animals, 481, &c.; mineral condition of, in caves, 508

Borers or awls, 321-325

Boring of stone, methods of, 47, 48, 52; incomplete, of stone implements, 205, 206, 226

Bos primigenius, celt imbedded in skull of, 91, 92; longifrons not found in Britain before neolithic times, 486

Botocudo Indians, their method of hafting, 156; their use of stone blades, 171

Boulder, cup formed from, 450

Boulder Clay, anterior to implementiferous deposits, 577, 685, 697; East Anglian, 683

Boulders, American use of, 235; used as hammers, 233, 234

Bourgeois, Abbe, on human works in Pliocene times. 658

"Bournes," causes of intermittence of, 664

Bow, use of, not general among savages, 360

Bows and arrows, Egyptian carved figures armed with, 369; myth concerning, 361

Bowen, Mr., as to African "thunderbolts," 60

Box, stone, containing red pigment, 264

Bracelets (see Armlets)

Bracers, 425-435, 456

Bracken, use of, as food, 250

Brandon, manufacture of gun-flints at, 14, 17

Brazilian stone axe, 157

Breach through the chalk range near Bournemouth, 605

Breccia, formation of, in caves, 479; implements from, in Kent's Cavern, 495; mace-head made of, 232

Brent, Mr. John, implements found by, at Reculver, 613-620

Briar-wood shaft, arrow-head found with, 408

Brick-earth, implements from, 530, 536, 542, 548; old land surface underlying, 598

Bright spots on drift implements, 565, 659

Briquets with flints in graves, 283, 397; bruising of flints by the use of, 315

Brittany, superstitions regarding celts in, 57; early incised drawings of celts in, 62

Brixham Cave, discovery of, 490; fauna of, 513; implements of, 513-516; section of, 512

Broch of Lingrow, 416, 440

Brochs, cups in, 414, 440; querns in, 259; stone and bronze in, 440; whetstones in, 269

Bronze Period in Egypt, 6; in Greece and Italy, 4, 5; probable duration of, 704

Bronze, armlets of, 459; arms, mention of by Homer, 4; arrowheads, 368; awls, 84; bucket, 451; celts, 213, 268, 453; celts mounted in stag's horn, 428; chisels, 6; dagger with ox-horn hilt, 265; daggers, 185, 193. 194. 208, 227, 398, 427, &c.; earrings, 207; Egyptian hatchets, 169; finger-ring, 398; "hammer-stone," 246; implement found at Ploucour, 340; knife in interment, 195; knife, socketed, in Kent's Cavern, 492; mining instruments, 6, 233; moulds for celts, 269; needle, central-eyed, 433; pal-staves, 163; pins, 267, 269; tube, 49; tweezers, 433; use of, in Britain, 147; use of, contemporaneous with that of stone, 84, 143, 211, 331, &c.

Brooch of metal in interment, 214; possible use of ring as, 466

Brooke, Mr. J. W,, his implements from Fordingbridge, 633

Brown, Mr. J. Allen, on minute flint tools, 325; researches at Ealing, &c., 591; Mr. James, drift implements found by, 622, 625, &c.

Browne, Sir Thomas, on slickstones, 441

Brun, M. V., his explorations at Bruniquel, 296

Brunswick, first use of flint-locks by soldiers of, 17

Buckland, the late Mr. Frank, 291

Buckman, Prof. J., manufactory of celts recorded by, 35

Buschan, Dr. G., on prehistoric spinning, 437

Buick, Dr., on Irish arrow-heads, 365, 370

"Bulb of percussion," 274

Bunyard, Mr. G., drift implements found by, 618

Burma and Assam, stone adzes in, 59

Burnishers of stone, 103, 139, 442

Burton, Dr. J. Hill, on elf-bolts, 366

Bushmen, arrows shafted by, with ostrich-bones, 410; ostrich-egg-shell fragments perforated by, 277; poisoned arrows of, 370

Bustards, flint arrow-heads abraded by gizzards of, 396

Butt end of celt, definition of, 66; roughened for insertion into socket, 128

Buttons, early use of, 452; of jet in interments, 453, 455, &c.; possible use of perforated discs as, 439

Cæsar, Julius, Gaulish use of iron in time of, 10

"Caillouteur," daily production of gun-flints by, 21

Cairns, stones thrown on, 282

Calc-spar, sling-stones of, 418