Page:The Ancient Stone Implements (1897).djvu/738

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25, 37; French, 395, 400-402; Gelderland, 403; German, 403; Greek, 368; Indian, 405; Irish, 365, 370, 399, 400; Italian, 359, 402; Japanese, 405; from Lake-dwellings, 402; Lycian, 410; Mexican, 39; Patagonian, 406; Persian, 394, 396; Peruvian, 407; Russian, 404; Scottish, 386; Scandinavian, 353, 404; Spanish, 403; Swiss, 409; Virginian, 37; barbed, 380-390; bone, 210, 361; bronze, scarce in England, 368; chisel-ended, 409; crescent-shaped, 396; detachable from shaft, 370; double-pointed, 386; featherless, 410; iron-tipped, 394, 396; leaf-shaped, 373-378, 484; lozenge-shaped, 378, 484; manufactories of, 268, 280, 359, 401, 402; methods of shafting, 408, 410; modern use of, for fire-producing, 397; in necklaces, 10, 366; notched, 372, 396, 406; poisoned, 361, 370; single-barbed, 385, 393, 396; stemmed, 379; successive developments of, 369; superstitions concerning, 362-367; triangular, 390; in human vertebræ, 375, 396, 406

Arrow-shafts, concave scrapers for fashioning, 320; grooved pebbles for straightening, 268; Irish, 408; South American, 407

Art, works of, in caves, 484, 523, 657

Arundelian marbles as to date of discovery of iron, 4

"Asbestos," ligniformed, whetstone of, 352

Ash, Irish arrow-shaft of, 408; in brick earth at Hoxne, 537

Ashes of bone in hyæna den, 518

Asia, beliefs in, concerning celts, 59

Asphalte, use of, in mounting Swiss celts, 163

Assagais, Kaffir mode of shafting, 410

Assiut, figures from tomb at, 369

Astropelekia, 59

Atkins, Mr. E. Martin, abraded pyrites found by, 318

Atkinson, Rev. J. C, barrows examined by, 211

Attrition of teeth by gritty food, 253

Atys, stone knife used by, 9

Augustus, bronze arms as antiquities in time of, 4

Australians, celts handled by, with gum, 137, 170, 171; flint an article of barter among, 80; flints mounted by, as saws, 277, 293; grinding nardoo-seeds, 243; hatchet-hatting among, 233; pounding-stones of, 243, 245; tomahawks, mode of mounting by, 166; tools of, 97

Authenticity of palæolithic implements, 658, 659

Awls, bone, from Kent's Cavern, 506; bone instruments used as, 432; bronze, in interments, 84, 186; bronze, with wooden shaft, 462; flint, 321-325; periforated, 323; use of, in sewing leather, 433

Axes, 32, 63, 149; halting of, 155-163, 168, 160; used in the hand, 151; of Montezuma II., 157; hieroglyph of Nouter, 62

Axes, perforated, Brazilian, 157; in Brittany, 212; Danish, 32, 186, 205; French, 186; German, 145, 186, 191; Greek, 205; Kjökken-mödding, 69; Lake-dwellings, 158; Mexican, 191; Scandinavian, 187, 215; of basalt, 186; boring of, 46-52; with carved handles, 167; classification of, 184; contemporaneous with bronze, 193, &c.; cutting at one end, 192, &c.; double-edged, 184-192; fluted, 203,211; grooved, 168, 169; hafting of, 151-171; hollowed on sides, 209; in interments, 83, 163, &c.; large and heavy, 198, 199; little used by modern savages, 215; lozenge-shaped, 213; ornamented, 196, 209, 211; pointed at one end, 188; single-edged, 184, 192-196; superstitions concerning, 62, 63, 65, 145, 146; of ulna of whale, 435

Axe-hammers, 168, 200-205

Aymara Indians, hatchet-hafting among, 169, 239

Ayre, Col., R.A., 78

Aztecs, their method of stone working, 23; their stone mortars, 257

Babington, Prof. C. C, on flint hammer from Burwell, 538

Bætuli, virtues of, 65

Bahia, stone club from, 251

Baines, Mr., on Australian stone-working, 26

Balanus, presence of, in Stour Valley, 621

Ball of Towie, 421

Balls, stone, carved, 422; in lead mines, 234; perforated Peruvian, 232; possibly used in games, 244; their use among Eskimos, 219; in grinding corn, 253; as hammers, 249; with channelled surface, 420-423

Ballast for railways, implements found in, 573, 578, 632, 633, 639

Barbers, Mexican, their obsidian razors, 290

Barbs of arrows, various forms of, 380, &c.

Bark, Australian hammers hafted with, 167, 168

Barlow, Mr. F. Pratt, pointed drift implement found by, 619

Barnwell, Rev. E. L., on Welsh hammer-head, 226

Barrows, bronze and flint found together in, 397, &c.; chambered, bone chisel in, 433; cups of shale in, 445; fossils in, 466, 467, 469; gold cup in, with bronze dagger, 449; jet ornaments in, 265, 454, &c.; long, leaf- shaped arrow-heads. in, 377; necklaces in, 456-463; pebbles in, 443; pyrites and flint in, 265, 467; spindle whorl of clay in, 439; stag's horn hammer in, 434

Barry, Mr. F. Tress, 227

Barter, flint an Australian article of, 80; flints at Cissbury probably formed for, 80; finely worked daggers procured by, 414

Bartlett's "History of Manceter" referred to, 187

Basalt, axe hammer of, in interment, 467; heads of, 186, 194, 197, 202, 208, 211, 214; celts of, 106, 114, 140; hammers of, 25, 223; hatchets, 34, 85, 170; late use of, for anvils, 232; maul of, 234

Basaltic rock, African flakes of, 288

Bastard gouges, 180-182

Bast-fibre, its use in arrow shafting, 409; used in weaving, 436

Bate, Mr. Spence, 266, 279

Bateman, Mr., on pebbles in interments, 467

"Bâtons de commandement," in La Madeleine caves, 484

Bats, stone, possibly used for preparing hemp, 257

"Batting-staff," 256

Battle axes, 195, 197, 207; with amber cup in coffin, 449

"Battling-stones," 257

Baudot, M., on flakes in interments, 283

Bauerman, Mr., on stone hammers in Egyptian mine, 581

Baye, Baron Joseph de, 160

Beads, amber, 457, 459, 460; animal fibre used for stringing, 459; like arrow-heads, 367; bone, 432, 456, 457; with spiral pattern, 211; glass, 437, 456: jet, 83, 394, 457-462; Kimmeridge clay, 309, 457; of peculiar shapes, 463; quartz, 465; shale, 463; various, 457-463

Bear, chipped tooth of, 503; bones of, in position at Brixham, 513

Beauty, materials chosen on account of, 224, 227, 406, 466

Beckmann quoted as to date of flint-locks, 17

Bed-stone and rolling pin, 250

Bees-wax and mastic, axes mounted with, 170