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652 the surface of a bed of gravel between Mount Tabor and the Lake of Tiberias, was exhibited by the Abbé Richard at the meeting of the British Association at Edinburgh in 1871.

Another implement of palæolithic type was obtained by M. de Vogué at Bethsaour, near Bethlehem. Others, both of quartzite and flint, have been found by Mr. Frank Calvert on a ridge of hills near the Dardanelles. Mr. H. Stopes, F.G.S., also found such an implement near Jerusalem in 1880.

In Algeria implements of undoubted palæolithic forms have occurred at Ousidan and at Palikao, in the province of Oran. Sir John Lubbock has also found a specimen made of flint at Kolea, Algeria. What may be instruments of the same age have been found in gravel at Gafsa, in Tunis. In Egypt several well-marked palæolithic implements have been found. That picked up near Thebes in 1872 by the late Mr. Ouvry I then regarded as Neolithic, but it may be of earlier date. Those described by Sir John Lubbock in 1873, and Professor Henry W. Haynes, of Boston, Mass., in 1881, have many of them greater claims to be regarded as palæolithic. But the discovery of flint flakes by General Pitt Rivers in the stratified gravel in which the Tombs of the Kings, near Thebes, are hewn, placed their great antiquity beyond doubt. Mr. H. Stopes also found an implement of palæolithic type half a mile from the spring of Moses, near Cairo, in 1880. More recent discoveries of well-marked palæolithic implements at high levels above the valley of the Nile, such as have been made by Professor Flinders Petrie and Mr. H. W. Seton-Karr, show that what is now Egypt was occupied by man in Palæolithic times. Numerous other discoveries in Egypt of implements of well-marked palæolithic forms have been recorded by M. J. de Morgan. More remarkable still is the discovery by Mr. Seton-Karr of implements of most of the wellknown palæolithic forms at high levels in Somaliland, in positions apparently connected with existing river-courses, such as that of the Issutugan.