Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XVI.djvu/828

 798 YPRES YPSILANTI dences. It is situated in a rich agricultural region, which abounds in coal and iron, and has an important trade. Railroad facilities are afforded by tbo Ashtabula, Youngstown, and Pittsburgh and the Painesville and Youngs- town lines, the Mahoning division of the At- lantic and Great Western, and the Youngs- town branch of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern. Coal mining and iron manufactur- ing are the chief interests. There are seven rolling mills, eleven blast furnaces, two foun- deries, a nut and bolt factory, &c. The city contains two national banks, eight school houses, an endowed academy, a daily and four weekly (one German) newspapers, and 18 churches. It jvas settled about 1800, and was made the county seat in 1874. YPBES (Flem. and Ger. Ypern), a city of Belgium, in the province of West Flanders, on the Yperte, 30 m. S. W. of Bruges; pop. in 1871, 16,317. The surrounding marshes have boon drained, and the fortress has been razed. It has a Gothic town house, formerly a cloth hall (les hallen), with a stately belfry tower, and 44 modern statues of counts of Flanders; many churches, including a fine Gothic cathedral, with the adjoining grave of Jansenius, who died here; and the national school of cavalry and several colleges. Of the manufactures, which employed thousands of looms in the 14th century, when the in- habitants numbered 200,000, those of woollens and linen (diapre d? Ypres), thread, and thread lace are still of some importance. YPSILANTI, a city of Wushtonaw co., Michi- gan, on the Huron river and on the Michigan Central and the Detroit, Ilillsdale, and South- western railroads, 80 in. W. by S. of Detroit ; pop. in 1860, 3,955; in 1870, 5,471; in 1874, 5,21 1. It is surrounded by a productive farm- ing region, and has considerable trade. The river furnishes water power. There are seve- ral flouring mills, four largo paper mills, a woollen mill, and several wagon and carriage factories. There are a national bank, a union school, several ward schools, a seminary, two weekly newspapers, and eight churches. The state normal school is situated here. Ypsilanti was incorporated in 1858. YPSILANTI, or Ypsllantls, the name of a power- ful and wealthy Fanariote Greek family, ori- ginating at Trebizond, and claiming descent from the Comneni. I. Atkanasius, in the early part of the 18th century, was a favorite of the sultan at Constantinople. II. Alexander, his son (1725-1805), was interpreter at the Sublime Porto, became hospodar of Wallachia in 1774, granted religious freedom to Lutherans in 1780, resigned shortly after, was reappointed in 1790, was taken prisoner by the Russians and re- leased after the peace of Jassy in 1792, was again hospodar in 1796-'8, was afterward sus- pected by the Porte of treasonable relations with Russia, and was executed with great tor- tures. III. Constantlne, son of the preceding, bora in Constantinople about 1760, died in Kiev in 1816. He conspired for the deliver- ance of Greece, but was detected and fled. His father having obtained his pardon, he re- turned and became dragoman to the Porte, and in 1799 was appointed hospodar of Moldavia, and shortly afterward of Wallachia. He was dismissed in 1805 on account of his relations with the Russians, entered the Russian service against Turkey, and after the peace of Tilsit lived at Kiev on a pension from the Russian government. IV. Alexander, son of the prece- ding, born in Constantinople in 1783, died in Vienna, Jan. 31, 1828. He entered the Rus- sian service in 1809 as an officer in the cavalry of the guard, became major in 1812, and lost his right hand in the battle of Dresden, Aug. 27, 1813. He was made a colonel and adjutant of Alexander I., and in 1817 a major general. In 1820 he took the leadership of the move- ment projected by the Hetieria, the secret society formed to promote the independence of Greece. The outbreak began in the Danu- bian principalities in February, 1821 ; but he lacked the qualities of a commander and a revolutionist, and the fatal issue of the battle at Dragashan, June 19, put an end to the pro- ject for the time. Ypsilanti fled to Transyl- vania, and surrendered himself to the Aus- trians, who kept him a prisoner for six years at Munkacs and Theresionstadt ; and when released in 1827, through the interposition of the czar Nicholas, his health was destroyed. V. Demetrius, brother of the preceding, born in Constantinople, Dec. 25, 1793, died in Nau- plia (Napoli di Romania), Greece, Aug. 16, 1832. He distinguished himself in the Russian service in 1814, joined the insurrection in the Morea in June, 1821, demanded that the su- preme command should be given him, and on its refusal quarrelled with the party of Mavro- cordatos. He took command at the siege of Tripolitza, which he carried by storm in Octo- ber, but was repulsed in December at Nauplia. In July, 1822, he distinguished himself by au- daciously holding the citadel of Argos and rendering possible the total destruction of the enemy in the passes between that place and Corinth. In 1828, failing to obtain political supremacy, he withdrew from public affairs. In June, 1825, he successfully opposed Ibrahim Pasha at the mills of Lerna, and in 1826 took a prominent part in advocating the rejection of the proposed English protectorate. When Capo d'Istria assumed the government in 1828, Ypsilanti was made commander of the troops in eastern Greece, but resigned in 1880. In April, 1832, after the assassination of Capo d'Istria, he was chosen one of the seven mem- bers of the executive commission, and held that office till his death. The present chief of the family, Prince GREGORY YPSILANTI, born in 1835, was for many years Greek minister to Austria, and for a long period at the same time to the court of Berlin. In May, 1876, he was transferred to Paris. In 1862 he married a daughter of Baron Sina, the famous Greek