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 TONNE 1682 and partly in 1745, is used as the city hall. The city is lighted with gas, and water works costing $750,000 are to go into opera- tion in September, 1876. The water is to be pumped from two streams within the city lim- its into a reservoir containing 400,000,000 gal- lons, 297 ft. above the Hudson. The Hudson Kiver railroad passes along the bank of the river, the New York, Boston, and Montreal through the interior parts, and the New York and Harlem along the E. border. The Neper- han or Saw Mill river, entering the Hudson at this point, furnishes water power. There are three manufactories of felt hats, one of felt robes and cloths, two of sewing silk, one of sewing silk and ribbons, one of lead pencils, one of carpets, one of elevators, two of mow- ing machines, one of barrels, one of sugar, one of leather, one of boats, two machine shops, an iron foundery, a brass f oundery, and a brew- ery. The city contains two national banks, two savings banks, four public schools, two Ro- man Catholic schools, and five private schools. Three weekly newspapers are published. There are 16 churches, viz. : 2 Baptist, 3 Episcopal, 1 Lutheran, 3 Methodist, 3 Presbyterian, 1 Re- formed, 2 Roman Catholic, and 1 Unitarian. Yonkers was settled about 1650, and for about a century prior to the revolution was a manor in the possession of the Philipse family. It was organized as a town in 1788. In 1855 the village of Yonkers was incorporated. In 1872 the town was divided, the N. portion being erected into the city of Yonkers and the S. portion set off as the town of Kingsbridge, which became a part of New York city in 1874. TONNE, a N. E. department of France, formed from parts of Burgundy, Champagne, and Or- leanais, bordering on the departments of Seine- et-Marne, Aube, C6te-d'0r, Nievre, and Loiret ; area, 2,868 sq. m. ; pop. in 1872, 363,608. It takes its name from the river Yonne (anc. Icauna), which rises in the E. part of Nievre, flows N. through the middle of Yonne, and joins the Seine at Montereau in the S. part of Seine-et-Marne, after a course of about 170 m. It is navigable as high as Auxerre. Its affluents in the department include the Cure, Arman- con, and Vannes. The Burgundian canal runs through the E. part. The surface is undula- ting and the soil excellent. The department is rich in cattle, horses, sheep, grain, and hemp. The chief exports are red and white wines, timber^ and coal. Iron, lithographic stones, and ochre are the principal mineral products, and woollen and cotton goods, beet sugar, and glass are manufactured. Yonne is divided into the arrondissements of Auxerre, Avallon, Joigny, Sens, and Tonnerre. Capital, Auxerre. YORK., the name of five counties in the Uni- ted States. I. The S. W. county of Maine, bounded S. by the Atlantic ocean, and W. and S. W. by New Hampshire, from which it is sepa- rated by Salmon Falls river, and the Piscataqua, and drained by the Saco and other streams ; area, 818 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 60,174. The YORK 787 surface is uneven, the soil of the sea coast is rocky and sterile, and that of the interior fertile. The county is intersected by several railroads. The chief productions in 1870 were 14,139 bushels of wheat, 175,924 of Indian corn, 57,021 of oats, 24,348 of barley, 23,205 of peas and beans, 530,223 of potatoes, 1,116,- 782 Ibs. of butter, 32,995 of cheese, 47,865 of wool, and 78,632 tons of hay. There were 5,191 horses, 12,869 milch cows, 17,272 other cattle, 14,356 sheep, and 4,447 swine. The whole number of manufactories was 425, hav- ing an aggregate capital of $6,350,524 ; value of products, $10,350,982. The most important were 15 of boots and shoes, 11 of wooden boxes, 9 of bricks, 21 of carriages and wag- ons, 10 of clothing, 7 of cotton goods, 8 of machinery, 11 of woollens, 1 of worsted goods, 60 saw mills, 3 flour mills, 11 tanneries, 8 cur- rying establishments, 1 print works, and 2 ship yards. Capital, Alfred. II. A S. E. county of Pennsylvania, bordering on Maryland and bounded N. E. by the Susquehanna river ; area, 864 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 76,134. The surface is generally hilly, diversified by moun- tains in the W. part, and the soil is highly fer- tile. There are extensive quarries of lime- stone, slate, and sandstone. It is intersected by the Northern Central railroad and its Han- over and Wrightsville branches, and the Sus- quehanna canal passes along the E. border. The chief productions in 1870 were 1,129,750 bushels of wheat, 121,035 of rye, 1,531,541 of Indian corn, 1,444,763 of oats, 44,092 of buck- wheat, 248,461 of Irish and 29,905 of sweet potatoes, 1,734,895 Ibs. of butter, 39,093 of wool, 527,808 of tobacco, and 92,929 tons of hay. There were on farms 14,707 horses, 2,642 mules and asses, 23,269 milch cows, 20,201 other cattle, 14,068 sheep, and 40,083 swine. The whole number of manufactories was 1,111, having an aggregate capital of $3,251,400; value of products, $7,028,934. The most important were 14 of agricultural implements, 15 of bricks, 24 of rag carpets, 49 of carriages and wagons, 3 of cars, 9 of iron, 49 of lime, 7 of machinery, 2 of paper, 10 of stone and earthen ware, 51 of cigars, 2 of whips, 8 of woollens, 42 flour mills, 19 saw mills, 27 tanneries, and 24 currying establish- ments. Capital, York. III. A S. E. county of Virginia, forming part of the peninsula be- tween York and James rivers, and bounded E. by York river and Chesapeake bay ; area, 150 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 7,198, of whom 4,691 were colored. The surface is generally undu- lating, and the soil is fertile. The chief pro- ductions in 1870 were 3,289 bushels of wheat, 107,103 of Indian corn, 12,060 of oats, 12,416 of Irish and 12,954 sweet potatoes, and 18,411 Ibs. of butter. There were 433 horses, 951 milch cows, 1,440 other cattle, 708 sheep, and 4,626 swine; 2 flour mills, and 1 saw mill. Capital, Yorktown. IV. A N. county of South Carolina, bordering on North Carolina, bound- ed E. by the Catawba river and W. by Broad