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 YATES "The Rock Ahead" (18684- "Wrecked in Port" (1869); Dr. WainwHght's Patint" (1870) ; " Nobody's Fortune " (1871) 'and " The Impending Sword " (1874). With F E Smedley he wrote "Mirth and Metre, by Two Merry Men" (1854). He has also written some dramas, and was for six years theatrical critic of the " Daily News." TATES, William, an English missionary, born at Loughborough, Leicestershire, Dec. 15 1792 died at sea, July 3, 1845. He studied at Bris- tol college, and sailed for Calcutta, April 16, 1815, as a Baptist missionary. He settled at Serampore, where after the death of Dr. Carey he devoted himself entirely to translating and to preparing text books. He visited England and America in 1827-'9; and in 1845 he embarked for England on account of his health, but died on the passage up the Red sea. He translated the whole Bible into Bengalee ; the New Tes- tament and most of the Old into Sanskrit ; and the New Testament into Hindee and Hindos- tanee. Among his most important works are : "Grammar of the Sanskrit Language" (Cal- cutta, 1820); " Sanskrit Vocabulary " (1820)- "Essay on Sanskrit Alliteration;" "Intro- duction to the Hindostani Language" (in 3 parts, 1827) ; " Hindostani and English Dic- tionary" (1836); and "Biblical Apparatus" (in 4 parts, 1837). After his death was pub- lished from his manuscript an "Introduction to the Bengali Language," edited by J. Wenger (2 vols., 1847; reprinted under the title " Ben- gali Grammar," 1864). YAUPOJf, an aboriginal name for ilex cassine, YAVAPAI 773 a North American shrub which derives its spe- cific name from cassena, by which it was also known to the Indians. The characters of the genus ilex are given under HOLLY, this species, like that, belonging to the section with ever- green leaves. It is a slender shrub growing 8 to 12, and sometimes 15 ft. high, with short, spreading branches, which often terminate in a sharp point or spine, on which account it has been proposed as a hedge plant. The leaves, seldom over an inch long, are oval or oblong, obtuse, thick and shining, but without the large spiny teeth of those of the holly, the margins being merely scalloped by small round- ed serratures ; the flowers and abundant scar- let fruit much as in the holly. This species is found in light sandy soils from Virginia to Florida, and never at any great distance from the coast; it has proved to be hardy as far north as Philadelphia, and is worthy of culti- vation as an ornamental shrub wherever it will endure the winters. The Indians held it in high esteem, and the early travellers in the Carolinas mention its leaves as an article of considerable traffic between the coast tribes and those living further inland. An infusion of the slightly roasted leaves produces effects similar to those of the Paraguay tea (see MAT), which is another species of ilex, being at first exhilarating if taken in moderate quantities, but in excess acting powerfully as an emetic, diuretic, and purgative. The Indians, especial- ly those of the Creek nation, made use of he infusion, under the name of " black drink " in their most solemn ceremonies. A very strong very strong infusion being made for state occasions, th Yaupon (Ilex cassine) was drunk by the men only ; its first effects were those of a stimulant, but as the quantity taken was increased, one after another yielded to its emetic powers, and the ability to resist these the longest was regarded as an indication of superiority. Excessive vomiting was con- sidered necessary to a proper purification for their ceremonials, and the drinking was con- tinued until the tea was rejected unchanged in appearance. On account of its emetic proper- ties the shrub has been called /. vomitoria, which name, however descriptive, cannot su- persede the older /. cassine. In North Caro- lina, according to Barton (" Collections "), the people make use of it to purify and improve brackish water, a fe"w leaves being boiled in it for a short time. Where the plant grows naturally its leaves are used as a domestic medi- cine, to act as a diuretic, emetic, or purgative, according to the quantity administered. They are also used in moderate quantities as a sub- stitute for ordinary tea. YAVAPAI, the N. E. county of Arizona, bounded N. by Utah and E. by New Mexico ; area, over 50,000 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 2,142. The Colorado river crosses the N. W. corner, passing through deep and precipitous canons. The N. E. corner is watered by a tributary of the Rio San Juan, the S. part by several afflu- ents of the Gila, and the S. W. corner by the Rio Santa Maria, a branch of Bill Williams fork. The Colorado Chiquito, for a considera- ble portion of its course walled in by precipi- tous cafions, flows N. W. through the county near the centre, and empties into the Colorado. The greater portion of the surface has an ele- vation of 5,000 or 6,000 ft. above the sea, and some parts rise much higher. There are nu-