Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XVI.djvu/796

 768 YALOBUSHA YAM American archaeology. These collections have been largely increased during the past few years by the annual expeditions to the west led by Prof. Marsh, and by the explorations on the coast under Prof. Verrill. The present building will be but one wing of a much larger structure. Yale college has received but little aid from the state, and has depended mostly Peabody Museum. on the revenue derived from students and the gifts of individuals. According to the trea- surer's report for the year ending April 30, 1875, the total invested fund of the college amounted to about $1,550,000; the total in- come for the same year was $235,465, of which $107,000 was derived from term bills of stu- dents. No estimate is given of the value of grounds, buildings, libraries, collections, appa- ratus, &c. Previous to 1875 the college had conferred 10,005 degrees, of which 870 were honorary. In 1875-'6 the number of pupils in each department, according to the annual catalogue, was as follows : undergraduate aca- demical students, 582; Sheffield school, 224; graduate and special students, 63 ; theological department, 99 ; law department, 76 ; medical department, 42; total, 1,086; deduct for names inserted twice, 85; total number of students in the college, 1,051. The "Yale Literary Magazine," a monthly periodical, begun in 1838, and two weekly newspapers, begun in 1855 and 1872 respectively, are published by the students. YALOBISHA, a N. county of Mississippi, wa- tered by tributaries of the Yalobusha and Tal- lahatchie rivers ; area, 450 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 13,254, of whom 7,052 were colored. The surface is generally level and the soil highly fertile. It is intersected by the Mississippi Central and the Mississippi and Tennessee rail- roads. The chief productions in 1870 were 241,138 bushels of Indian corn, 3,772 of Irish and 11,880 of sweet potatoes, 5,961 Ibs. f bnt- ter, and 5,167 bales of cotton. There were 841 horses, 1,140 mules and asses, 1,851 milch cows, 3,821 other cattle, 8,002 sheep, and 8,232 swine ; 1 manufactory of agricultural implements, 1 of sash, doors, and blinds, 1 of cars, 2 of iron cast- ings, 5 flour mills, 4 saw mills, and 2 railroad repair shops. Capital, Coffeeville. YAM, the popular name for plants of the genus Dioacoraea (named in honor of the Greek naturalist Dioscorides), and in the southern states applied very generally to light-col- ored varieties of the sweet potato. (See PO- TATO, SWEET.) It ia the type and most im- portant genus of a small order of endo- genous plants, the Di- oscorceacecB, or yam family, mostly tropi- cal, with large tuber- ous or knotted roots, twining stems, and small dioecious flow- ers; another genus is described under TOR- TOISE PLANT, and the engraving there given illustrates the gen- eral appearance of the . yams as to vine and foliage. The leaves in Dioscoraea are petioled, alternate, but sometimes opposite, and netted- veined ; the flowers are in small axillary ra- cemes or panicles, the sterile consisting of a Yam (Dioscoraea alata). six-parted perianth with as many stamens ; the fertile of a three-celled ovary surmounted by a perianth, and three styles, and ripening into a three-winged, three-celled pod, which when ripe splits through the wings to liberate the one or few seeds contained in each cell. Though generally tropical, one species, D. the wild yam, is found as far north