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 YALE COLLEGE 767 instruction in drawing and painting, together with a knowledge of the history and criticism of art by lectures. It is designed to embrace a similar course in architecture, sculpture, and anatomy, but those chairs are not yet filled. The present faculty consists of professors of painting, of the history of art, and of drawing, and an instructor in perspective. The collec- tions embrace the Jarves gallery of Italian art, consisting of 120 paintings of the Italian school dating from the llth to the 17th century; the Trumbull gallery of 54 pictures, comprising most of the originals of Trumbull's pictures of the revolution ; a collection of about 75 pieces of contemporaneous art ; and many casts from the antique. The terms for instruction are $36 a quarter. The school is open to both sexes, but none are admitted who are less than 15 years of age. The faculty of the department of theology consists of a lecturer on church polity and American church history, and pro- fessors of systematic theology, of Hebrew liter- ature and Biblical theology, of homiletics and the pastoral charge, of ecclesiastical history, and of sacred literature. The course of instruc- tion occupies three years, called respectively the junior, middle, and senior year. There is but one term in each year, beginning on the second Thursday in September and ending on the second Thursday in May. Students are licensed to preach after the second year. All members who pass the prescribed examination at the end of the senior year, and present an approved thesis on some topic in theology, re- ceive the degree of bachelor of divinity. The reference library of the seminary contains 2,000 volumes ; the Lowell Mason library of church music, one of the largest in the country, is also in the seminary. No charge is made for in- struction, room rent, or use of library, and indigent students receive $100 a year from the income of scholarships and other funds. In special cases additional aid is given. There are 18 scholarships belonging to the seminary. The faculty of the law school consists of pro- fessors of mercantile law and evidence, of ele- mentary and criminal law and the law of real property, of constitutional law, contracts, and wills, and of pleading and equity jurisprudence. The course of study includes also lectures^ on life insurance, international law, ecclesiastical law, forensic composition, English constitu- tional law and history, medical jurisprudence, forensic elocution, Roman law, and patent law. There are two terms in each year, a fall term beginning with the first academical term and ending the day before Christmas, and a spring term beginning on the second Wednesday of February and ending at commencement. The students are divided into two classes, senior and junior, each of which has a special course of study. A course is also provided for those who desire to study law with reference to commercial pursuits. The library contains 7,000 volumes, and a fund is provided to fur- nish all the current reports and legal periodi- 845 VOL. xvi. 49 cals. The degree of LL. B. is conferred, after examination, on attorneys at law who have studied two terms in the department, on bache- lors of arts, science, or philosophy, who have studied three terms, and on other students who have studied four terms. The fees are $90 for the annual session, and $5 for a diplo- ma. The faculty of the medical department consists of professors of chemistry and toxi- cology, of obstetrics and the diseases of women and children, of materia medica and therapeu- tics, of histology, pathology, and microscopy, of the theory and practice of medicine, of sur- gery, of general and special anatomy and phy- siology, and a lecturer on insanity. The course is divided into two terms in each year, a win- ter term beginning on the second Thursday in October and ending on the second Thursday in February, and a spring term beginning on the first Thursday in March and ending at commencement. The first year is devoted to elementary and the second to practical branches. Provision is made for a third year's study, to review the studies of the course, with the ad- dition of advanced courses of reading. A sur- gical clinic is held every Wednesday at 12 M., and a medical clinic every Friday at 3 P. M. The museum contains a large collection of natural and morbid specimens, as well as casts, models, and plates. The degree of M. D. is conferred, on satisfactory examination, upon candidates 21 years of age, who have studied medicine for two years if graduates of a col- lege, and three years if not graduates. The matriculation fee is $5 ; winter term fee, $105 ; spring term fee, $60; laboratory fee, $10; demonstrator's ticket, paid by those who dis- sect, $5 ; and graduation fee, $25. The li- brary, originally founded with 40 volumes, soon received valuable gifts of books from Sir John Davie of Groton, Jeremiah Dummer, colonial agent in London, in behalf of himself and others, Elihu Yale, and' Francis Nicholson. In December, 1718, it was removed to New Haven, when 250 volumes were lost in consequence of the violent opposition of the people of Say- brook to its transfer. The most valuable gift of the last century was that of Bishop Berke- ley, who in 1730 sent it 1,000 volumes. In 1800 it contained about 3,500 volumes, in 1830 about 10,000, and in 1860 about 45,000; it now (1876) comprises 76,000 volumes. Besides the college library proper, there are the li- braries of the professional schools, which con- tain in the aggregate 17,000 volumes, and the consolidated Linonian and Brothers society library of 19,000 volumes; total of university libraries, exclusive of pamphlets, 112,000 vol- umes The museum of natural history, en- dowed in 1866 with $150,000 by George Pea- body has now become an important adjunct of the college. A fire-proof building has been erected on the square W. of the college square, and in it will soon be arranged the geoloj and mineralogical cabinet, and the specimens illustrative of zoology, palaeontology, and