Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XVI.djvu/780

 752 WYOMING which cattle and horses graze throughout the year without shelter. The arable lands are limited in extent, but large portions of the territory are admirably adapted to the raising of horses, cattle, and sheep. Timber is found chiefly in the mountains and at the heads of the streams. In the mountains the principal varieties are pine, cedar, fir, and hemlock ; on the streams, cottonwood and quaking asp. In 1870 there were only 4,341 acres of land in farms, of which but 338 were improved ; esti- mated value of all farm productions, including betterments and additions to stock, $42,760; value of all live stock, $441,795. The prin- cipal productions were 30,000 Ibs. of wool and 3,180 tons of hay. There were on farms 584 horses, 283 mules and asses, 707 milch cows, 922 working oxen, 9,501 other cattle, 6,409 sheep, and 146 swine; besides which there were 3,169 horses and 25,342 neat cattle not on farms. There were 32 manufacturing establishments, employing 502 hands; capital invested, $889,400 ; value of products, $765,- 424. There are about 490 m. of railroad in the territory, viz. : Union Pacific, 480 m., and Denver Pacific, 10 m. The former passes through the S. portion from E. to W., and at Sherman attains its greatest elevation, about 8,240 ft.; the latter extends from Cheyenne to Denver, Colorado, 106 m. There are two national banks, with a joint capital of $125,- 000. The governor and secretary are ap- pointed by the president with the consent of the senate for four years. A treasurer, au- ditor, and territorial librarian are appointed by the governor with the consent of the coun- cil for two years. The legislature consists of a council of 13 members and a house of representatives of 27 members, elected for two years, and holds biennial sessions. The judicial power is vested in a supremo court, three district courts, a probate court for each county, and justices of the peace. The su- preme court has appellate jurisdiction, and consists of a chief justice and two associates, appointed by the president with the consent of the senate for four years. The district courts have general original jurisdiction, and are held by a single judge of the supreme court. The probate judges are elected in the respective counties for two years. A terri- torial act of Dec. 10, 1869, extended the right to vote and hold office to women. The as- sessed value of property in 1870 was $5,516,- 748 ($863,665 real estate and $4,653,083 per- sonal property); true value, $7,016,748; total taxation, $34,471 ($6,163 territorial and $28,- 308 county). The assessed value of property in 1875 was $8,684,000 ; territorial taxation there- on, $26,052 24, besides which there is a poll tax of $2 on each person 21 years old and up- ward. The territorial finances for the two years 1873-'5 were as follows: on hand at the beginning of the period, $3,907 02 ; receipts, $36,485 08; expenditures, $30,805 74; bal- ance, $8,776 37. There is no territorial debt. The territorial librarian is ex officio superinten- dent of public instruction. A county super- intendent is elected in each county for two years, and three directors are elected annually in each school district. The public schools are free to all between 7 and 21 years of age. A tax of two mills on the dollar is annually levied in each county for school purposes. In 1875 there were 13 public school houses, 7 male teachers, 16 female teachers, and 1,222 pupils enrolled ; total amount paid for teachers' wages, $16,400; total value of school houses and furniture, $32,500. According to the census of 1870, there were six newspapers (two daily and four weekly), issuing 243,300 copies annually, and having a circulation of 1,950; and 31 libraries, with 2,603 volumes, of which 20, with 1,500 volumes, were pri- vate. There are now (1876) 16 churches (2 Baptist, 1 Congregational, 3 Episcopal, 2 Meth- odist, 4 Presbyterian, and 4 Roman Catholic), with more than 4,500 sittings and property to the value of $50,000. The territory of Wyo- ming was organized by the act of July 25, 1868, from portions of Dakota, Idaho, and Utah. The first settlements within its limits were made in 1867, during the progress of the Union Pacific railroad. WYOMING. I. A W. county of New York, bounded S. E. by the Genesee river, and drained by affluents of that stream, and Tonawanda, Buffalo, and other creeks ; area, 590 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 29,164; in 1875, 80,595. The surface is generally broken and hilly, and the soil fertile and well adapted to stock raising. It is intersected by the Erie railroad. The chief productions in 1870 were 272,372 bushels of wheat, 193,249 of Indian corn, 514,862 of oats, 164,958 of barley, 42,314 of buckwheat, 58,834 of peas and beans, 243,624 of potatoes, 1,561,291 Ibs. of butter, 709,935 of cheese, 255,661 of wool, and 105,118 tons of hay. There were 9,529 horses, 24,331 milch cows, 10,862 other cattle, 56,823 sheep, and 7,294 swine; 6 manufactories of agricultural imple- ments, 2 of bricks, 31 of carriages and wagons, 32 of cheese, 1 of wrapping paper, 13 tanneries, 23 flour mills, 2 woollen mills, and 15 saw mills. Capital, Warsaw. II. A N. E. county of Penn- sylvania, intersected by the North branch of the Susquehanna river, and drained by Tunk- hannock, Mahoopeny, and other large creeks ; area, 345 sq. m.; pop. in 1870, 14,585. The surface is generally hilly or mountainous, Ma- hoopeny, Tunkhannock, Knob, and Bowman's mountains occupying a portion. The soil is fertile. Timber, coal, and iron are very abun- dant. It is intersected by the North Branch canal, and by the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western and the Lehigh Valley railroads. The chief productions in 1870 were 71,891 bushels of wheat, 38,334 of rye, 187,213 of Indian corn, 250,048 of oats, 124,988 of buckwheat, 286,- 525 of potatoes, 449,532 Ibs. of butter, 18,615 of wool, and 17,258 tons of hay. There were 2,987 horses, 5,814 milch cows, 4,908 other