Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XVI.djvu/693

 WINKELRIED delphia, 1832), "Commentaries on the Laws of the Ancient Hebrews" (New York, 1852) "Adam and Christ" (1858), &c. WIN&ELRIED, Arnold Strath von, a Swiss pa- triot, whose heroism decided the battle of Sem- pach, July 9, 1386, in which a large Austrian army was engaged against only 1,300 Swiss. The latter had failed to penetrate the enemy's line, when Winkelried, grasping all the Aus- trian pikes within his reach, buried them in his body and bore them to the earth, while over him his companions rushed into the open- ing and defeated the Austrians with terrible slaughter. A monument to him was erected at Stanz, canton of Unterwalden, in 1865. See Liebenau, Arnold Winkelried, seine Zeit und seine That (Aarau, 1862), and Kleissner, Die Quellen zur SempacTier Schlacht und die Winkelried- Sage (Gottingen, 1878). WDfKDf DE WORDE. See WOEDE, WYNKIN DE. WDJLOCK, Joseph, an American astronomer, born in Shelby ville, Ky., Feb. 6, 1826, died in Cambridge, Mass., June 11, 1875. He gradu- ated at Shelby college, Ky., in 1845, and be- came professor of mathematics and astronomy there. In 1852 he removed to Cambridge, and became one of the computers of the "Nautical Almanac." In 1857 he was appointed profes- sor of mathematics in the United States navy, and served at the naval observatory in Wash- ington and the naval academy in Annapolis-. In 1865 he became director of the observatory of Harvard college, and Phillips professor of astronomy. Besides his observatory work, he was twice director of expeditions to observe solar eclipses: that to Kentucky in August, 1869, and that to Spain in December, 1870. He made many improvements in the equip- ment of the observatory, which have since been adopted throughout the world. He died suddenly of apoplexy. WIM, a N. parish of Louisiana, bounded W. by Saline bayou and S. E. by Little river, and intersected by the Dugdemona; area, about 1,000 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 4,954, of whom 909 were colored ; in 1875, 5,355, of whom 997 were colored. The surface is generally level and the soil fertile. There are numer- ous small lakes and ponds. The chief pro- ductions in 1870 were 87,540 bushels of Indian corn, 18,022 of sweet potatoes, 14,161 Ibs. of butter, 3,576 of wool, 1,562 of rice, 1,482 of tobacco, and 2,680 bales of cotton. There were 985 horses, 6,940 cattle, 2,354 sheep, and 15,724 swine. Capital, Winfield. WIWEBAGO. I. A N. county of Illinois, bordering on Wisconsin, and drained by Kock and Pecatonica rivers ; area, 508 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 29,301. The surface is mostly prairie and the soil is fertile. It has railroad com- munication with Chicago. The chief produc- tions in 1870 were 411,074 bushels of wheat, 137,985 of rye, 1,237,406 of Indian corn, 868,- 903 of oats, "75,018 of barley, 266,272 of pota- toes, 95,194 Ibs. of wool, 640,827 of butter, WINNEBAGOE8 669 27,317 of cheese, and 83,010 tons of hay. There were 10,116 horses, 1,023 milch cows, 16,124 other cattle, 24,767 sheep, and 19354 swine; 10 manufactories of agricultural im- plements, 8 of carriages and wagons, 3 of men's clothing, 2 of cotton goods, 5 of iron castings, f roguery, 4 of paper, 4 of sash, doors, and blinds, and 12 flour mills. Capital, Rock- ford. II. An E. county of Wisconsin, bounded E. by Lake Winnebago, and drained by Fox and Wolf rivers ; area, about 450 sq. m pop in 1870, 37,279 ; in 1875, 45,033. The surface is level and the soil fertile. It has railroad communication with Milwaukee. The chief productions in 1870 were 745,512 bushels of wheat, 190,397 of Indian corn, 364,143 of oats, 87,366 of potatoes, 175,020 Ibs. of hops, 135,648 of wool, 721,265 of butter, 99,387 of cheese, and 47,294 tons of hay. There were 6,103 horses, 7,911 milch cows, 7,797 other cattle, 37,507 sheep, and 7,822 swine ; 4 man- ufactories of boots and shoes, 19 of carriages and wagons, 7 of furniture, 2 of hubs and wagon material, 6 of iron castings, 5 of ma- chinery, 2 of matches, 1 of printing paper, 4 of sash, doors, and blinds, 1 of wooden ware, 2 of woollens, 21 flour mills, 2 tanneries, 8 currying establishments, 8 breweries, 7 pla- ning mills, and 49 saw mills. Capital, Osh- kosh. III. A N. county of Iowa, bordering on Minnesota; area, 482 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 1,562. The surface consists of rolling prairies, and the soil is fertile. The chief productions in 1870 were 23,914 bushels of wheat, 8,040 of Indian corn, 12,545 of oats, 17,305 Ibs. of butter, and 3,351 tons of hay. There were 236 horses, 1,059 cattle, 518 sheep, and 411 swine. Capital, Forest City. WIWEBAGO, a lake of Wisconsin, the largest within the limits of the state, occupying parts of Calumet, Fond du Lac, and Winnebago coun- ties. Its length is 28 m. N. and S., greatest width about 10 m. ; area, about 212 sq. m. Its depth is variable, and it is navigable in most parts. Fond du Lac, Oshkosh, and other towns are on its shores, and there is water communi- cation to Green bay and Lake Michigan by the Fox river, which is improved by dams and locks. A wall of rocks extends along the E. border for 15 m., reaching in some places hun- dreds of feet below the surface. WIMEBAGOES, a tribe of the Dakota family of North American Indians, calling themselves Hochungara, but styled by the Sioux Hotanke or Sturgeon ; by the Hurons and Iroquois, Awentsiwaen ; and by the Algonquins, Wenni- begouk. The last term, meaning men from the fetid or salt water, was translated by the French Puants. With the Quappas and Tu- teloes they apparently formed the van of the eastward Dakota migration, and were forced back to Green bay. They were then numer- ous and formidable, and ruled by terror over the neighboring Algonquin tribes. Soon after the French began to trade with the west, in the early part of the 17th century, a general