Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XVI.djvu/522

 502 WATERFORD WATER LILY habitants. King John gave it its first charter, and resided here for some time. The town was unsuccessfully besieged by Cromwell, but afterward was captured by-Ireton. There are remains of the old fortifications and relics of ancient monasteries. Curraghmore, the seat of the marquis of Waterford, containing 4,000 acres, is near the city. WATERFORD, a town and village of Saratoga co., New York, at the junction of the Hudson and Mohawk rivers, and on the Rensselaer and Saratoga railroad, 10 m. N. by E. of Albany ; pop. of the town in 1870, 8,631 ; of the village, 3,071 ; of the town in 1875, 4,892. The Hud- son is navigable by tugs and barges to this point. The Champlain canal passes through the village, where are a weigh lock and locks for passing boats into the Hudson. Horse cars run to Troy, 3 m. distant. The falls of the Mohawk furnish water power, which is made available by a hydraulic canal m. long, constructed in 1828-'9. The chief establishments are an iron foundery, boiler shop, two stock and die facto- ries, two machine shops, nut factory, valve fac- tory, hay-press factory, paper mill, two straw board mills, two lampblack factories, cement sewer-pipe works, sash and blind factory, ve- neer sawing mill, flouring mill, soap and can- dle factory, three knitting mills, and a fire engine factory. Several of these are among the oldest of the kind in the country. There ar a bank, three public school houses, a weekly newspaper, and five churches. The village was laid out in 1784 under the name of Half moon Point, and was incorporated under its present name in 1801. The town was set off from the town of Halfmoon in 1810. WATERHOISE, Alfred, an English architect, born in Liverpool in 1830. Ho completed his studies in Italy, and in 1859 became known by his Gothic assize building in Manchester, to which he added the county prison in -the Ro- manesque style. His subsequent works in- clude the new Balliol college at Oxford, the Caius and Pembroke colleges at Cambridge, and the new town hall of Manchester. WATERHOUSE, lirujamin. an American physi- cian, born in Newport, R. I., March 4, 1754, died in Cambridge, Mass., Oct. 2, 1846. He studied in London, Edinburgh, and Leyden, where he took the degree of M. D., and began practice at Newport. In 1783 he became pro- fessor of the theory and practice of physic at Cambridge, where ho also promoted the study of natural history, botany, and mineralogy; from 1812 to 1825 ho was medical supervisor of the military posts in New England. In 1799 Dr. Jenner communicated to him his discovery of vaccination, and Dr. Waterhouse at once tested it in his own family. He Avrote much for political newspapers, and published " The Botanist" (1811), and an "Essay on Junius and his Letters " (1831), attributing the letters to Lord Chatham. WATERLAXD, Daniel, an English theologian, born at Wasely or Walsely, Lincolnshire, Feb. 14, 1683, died in London, Dec. 23, 1740. He was educated at Cambridge, was appointed chaplain to George I. in 1714, and was vicar of Twickenham, canon of Windsor, and arch- deacon of Middlesex. He was distinguished as a Trinitarian controversialist. His chief works are: "Eight Sermons, &c., in Defence of the Divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ " (1720) ; " A Critical History of the Athana- sian Creed" (1724); " Scripture Vindicated " (1730), a reply to Tindal's "Christianity as old as the Creation;" and "A Review of the Doctrine of the Eucharist" (1737). A com- plete edition of his works, with a biography, was published by Bishop Van Mildert (11 vols. 8vo, Oxford, 1823-'8). WATER LILY, a name for aquatic plants of several distinct genera. The later botanists confirm the popular classification, in including them all under one family, the nymphceacece, or water lily family, which is far removed from the lily family proper, as that consists of en- dogenous plants, while these are exogens. The family as at present arranged includes eight genera, which were formerly placed in three families; they have submerged rootstocks, Yellow Pond Lily (Nuphar advcna). from which, in those popularly known as wa- ter lilies, arise long-petioled leaves and scapes bearing large, solitary, and generally showy flowers ; both leaves and flowers usually float, but are sometimes emersed (i. e., project above the water) ; the fruit in some matures above, and in others beneath the water. The most common native water lily is the yellow, nuphar adcena, also called yellow pond lily and spat- terdock; this is found far north in Canada, extending to Sitka, and southward to Flori- da and Texas, in still or stagnant water. The genus nuphar (from Gr. v&vQap, the ancient name) is regarded by some botanists as inclu- ding but two species, one belonging to the old and the other to the new world, whilo our authors admit three as belonging to North America. The leaves are floating or emersed and erect, with stout petioles; the flowers, produced all summer, are on fleshy stalks, and not showy, being of a dull yellow color, some- times tinged with purple or greenish on the outside; the calyx, of five or six sepals, is very large, and is usually taken for the corolla ; but the true petals are numerous small thick