Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XVI.djvu/445

 WALDMtTLLER of their congregations has a consistory com- posed of the minister, an elder, and a dea- con. Above these local consistories is a su- preme consistory, called " the Table," and composed of three clergymen and two laymen. On the history of the Waldenses, see Mo- nastier, Histoire de Veglise vaudoise (2 vols., Geneva, 1847); Baird, "The Waldenses, Albi- genses, and Vaudois" (Philadelphia, 1848); Dieckhoff, Die Waldenser im Mittelalter (Got- tingen, 1851) ; Muston, IS Israel des Alpes (4 vols., Paris, 1851), republished (1851) as His- toire des Vaudois des vallees du Piemont et de leurs colonies depuis leur origine jusqu'd nos joiirs (English translation by William Hazlitt, London, 1852, and by John Montgomery, 2 vols., Glasgow, 1857 ; German translation by Dr. J. F. Schroder, Duisburg, 1874) ; Herzog, Die romanischen Waldenser (Halle, 1853) ; and " Sketches of the Evangelical Christians of the Valleys of Piedmont " (anonymous, 12mo, Philadelphia, 1853). WALDMILLER, Ferdinand Georg, a German painter, born in Vienna in 1793, died there, Aug. 23, 1865. He studied under Maurer and Sampi, painted portraits at Pesth, and after- ward returned to Vienna. In 1820 he ex- hibited his " Peddlers of Turkish Pipes," fol- lowed by genre pictures relating to Austrian and Tyrolese peasantry and to children (1830- '50). His works also include "A Kabbi teach- ing a Girl," "A Child learning to Walk," "A Family of Tyrolese Peasants," " A Family of Itinerant Beggars," " The Convalescent's first Walk," "The Village School," "A Village Wedding in Lower Austria," " Going Home from the Harvest," "A Child's Sorrow," and "A Child's Piety." WALDO, a S. county of Maine, bounded E. by Penobscot river and bay, and drained by St. George and Marsh rivers and affluents of the Sebasticook; area, 812 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 34,522. The surface is undulating and the soil fertile. It has a large export trade, through Penobscot river and bay, in timber, lime, staves, &c. Cod and mackerel fishing is also carried on. The Maine Central railroad traverses it. The chief productions in 1870 were 1,943 bush- els of wheat, 40,594 of Indian corn, 146,738 of oats, 78,791 of barley, 19,375 of peas and beans, 680,971 of potatoes, 876,494 Ibs. of butter, 31,- 386 of cheese, 126,724 of wool, and 81,417 tons of hay. There were 5,116 horses, 8,861 milch cows, 14,511 other cattle, 31,343 sheep, and 3,064 swine. The whole number of manufac- tories was 374; capital invested, $705,110; value of products, $1,780,386. The chief estab- lishments were 30 for the manufacture of car- riages and wagons, 12 of clothing, 28 of coop- erage, 4 of iron castings, 3 of fish oil, 1 of wrapping paper, 3 of sails, 2 of turned and carved wood, 5 flour mills, 9 tanneries, 3 curry- ing establishments, 20 saw mills, 8 ship yards, and 6 wool-carding and cloth-dressing estab- lishments. Capital, Belfast. WALDO, Peter. See WALDENSES. WALES 425 WALDOBOROrf.il, a town and port of entry of Lincoln co., Maine, at the head of tide on Medomac river, 15 ni. from the sea, and on the Knox and Lincoln railroad, about 50 m. N. E. of Portland; pop. in 1870, 4,174. Within the town limits are eight islands of considerable size, besides several smaller ones. The foreign commerce is small, but the coasting trade is considerable. A large amount of shipping is owned. Ship building is the chief industry. The town contains an iron foundery, a carding and fulling establishment, a carriage factory, two manufactories of brick, one of earthen- ware, two national banks, a weekly newspaper, a library, and six churches (Baptist, Congre- gational, and Methodist, two each). The town was first settled by German immigrants to the number of 1,500, the first of whom arrived in 1748, through the efforts of Samuel Waldo, who had obtained from George II. a grant of land of great extent called the Waldo Patent. It was incorporated in 1773. WALES (Welsh, Cumrie, the land of the Cym- ri ; Lat. Cambria), a principality of the British empire, occupying a large peninsula on the W. side of the island of Britain, and bounded N. by the Irish sea, E. by the English coun- ties of Chester (Cheshire), Salop (Shropshire), Hereford, and Monmouth, S. by Bristol chan- nel, and W. by St. George's channel. Its Eng- lish name is supposed to be akin to the Saxon wealh, a foreigner, wanderer (Ger. wallen, to wander), to the name of the Swiss canton Va- lais or Wallis, once also the home of a Celtic people, and to Walschland, the popular Ger- man name of Italy. Its length from N. to S. is 136 m. and its greatest breadth about 90 m. The coast line is about 360 m. long, exclu- sive of minor indentations. Its first indenta- tion at the northeast is the estuary of the Dee ; this is succeeded by Beaumaris bay, formed by the island of Anglesea, which is connected by Menai strait, separating the island from the mainland, with Carnarvon bay on the S. side of the island. Between Braich-y-pwll head and St. David's head is Cardigan bay, the largest on the coast. Other indentations are St. Bride's bay and Milford haven in Pem- brokeshire, Carmarthen bay, Swansea bay, and the estuary of the Severn. The islands, be- sides Anglesea and the adjoining Holyhead or Holy island, which are described under their own titles, are Bardsey off the extremity of Carnarvon peninsula, Mochras in Cardigan bay, Skomer and Skokham off Pembrokeshire, Caldy in Carmarthen bay, and Barry in Bristol channel. The surface is almost all mountain- ous. The chief ranges are the Snowdon moun- tains in the north, which extend from near the mouth of the river Conway S. S. W. to Cardi- gan bay, and have several peaks more than 3,000 ft. high, Moel-y-Wyddfa, the highest, being 3,590 ft. ; the Berwyn, S. of the Snow- don, the highest peaks of which are Arran Mowddwy and Cader Idris, the latter about 3,000 ft. high; the Plinlimmbn, the natural