Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XVI.djvu/335

 VERMONT 315 capital invested, $2,494,700 ; value of products, $905,410. The production of copper in 1870 was valued at $358,845, of marble at $130,800, and of slate at $361,765. The production of marble in 1875 was as follows: CHARACTER OF MARBLE AND WHERE PRODUCED. Feet. Cash value. Rutland statuary, white, variegated, mottled, and blue 2,000,000 $1,000,000 Sutherland Falls and East Dorset, imi- tation Italian 850,000 300,000 Dorset, less valuable 1,000,000 800,000 Brandon, Isle la Motte, Swanton, and 550,000 275,000 Total 4,400,000 $1,875,000 A considerable foreign commerce is carried on with Canada through Burlington, which is the port of entry of the United States customs dis- trict of Vermont. The value of imports for the year ending June 30, 1875, was $2,631,748 ; of exports, $2,496,830. There were entered in the foreign trade 728 vessels of 97,778 tons ; cleared, 690 vessels of 95,120 tons. The total number of vessels registered, enrolled, and licensed was 23, of 4,631 tons. In 1850 there were but two railroads in Vermont : the Cham- plain and Connecticut River (now the Rut- land), extending from Bellows Falls to Bur- lington by way of Rutland, and the Vermont Central, from the Connecticut river, in the town of Windsor, to Burlington. The former was opened for travel in December, 1849, and the latter in January, 1850. The total extent of railroads in the state amounted to 554 m. in 1860, 614 m. in 1870, and 765 m. in 1876. About $35,000,000 has been expended in the construction of railroads in the state, besides the equipment of the roads and other personal property, which make the aggregate about $50,000,000. Nearly the whole of this amount is exempt from taxation. The railroads lying wholly or partly in the state in 1876, with their lengths and termini, were as follows : NAME OF CORPORATION. TERMINI. LENGTH. . FROM TO Total. In Vermont. Addison Leicester Ticonderoga, N. Y 16 149 145 118 80 88 6 77 95 61 120 65 59 21 117 24 15 16 15 110 68 80 88 6 77* 26 17 120 22 59f 10 117 24 15 Atlantic and 8t. Lawrence Portland Me. . . Connecticut and Passumpsic and Massawippi Harlem Extension White Eiver Junction. . Eutland Sherbrooke, Canada Chatham Four Corners, N. Y. Eichford Missisquoi. .... . . St. Alhans. . . Montpelier and Wells Eiver 1 Montpelier ... ... Wells River Montpelier and White Eiver. Montneller Barre Portland and Ogdensburg (Vermont division) .... Rensselaer and Saratoga Lunenburg Troy N. Y Johnson Eutland Branch Eagle Bridge, N. Y Bellows Palls Castleton Burlington I tut hind Missisquoi and Clyde Eiver Newport West Farnham, Canada Eouse's Point, N. Y Vermont and Canada Essex Junction Miller's Falls, Mass Windsor Bellows Falls Brattleboro Vermont Central Burlington Brattleboro Vermont Valley Woodstock White Eiver Junction. . Woodstock The Addison, Harlem Extension, Missisquoi, Rutland, Vermont and Canada, Vermont and Massachusetts, Vermont Central, and Vermont Valley are all operated by the Central Vermont railroad company. On Nov. 1, 1875, there were in the state 46 national banks, with a paid-in capital of $8,945,390; circulation is- sued, $13,702,250; outstanding, $7,178,581; 20 savings banks, with 27,677 depositors and deposits amounting to $7,590,599 ; and 6 fire and 3 life insurance companies incorporated by Vermont. The legislative power is vested in a general assembly, consisting of a senate of 30 members and a house of 241 representatives, one from each town. The sessions of the gen- eral assembly are biennial, beginning on the first Wednesday of October in even years. Each of the 14 counties is entitled to one senator at least, and the remainder of the senators are ap- portioned among the several counties accord- ing to the population as returned by the latest federal census. Senators and representatives are chosen for two years, and receive $3 a day each during the session. The chief execu- tive officers are the governor (annual salary, $1,000), lieutenant governor, who acts as pres- ident of the senate and receives $6 a day du- ring the session, secretary of state, treasurer, auditor, and superintendent of education, who each receive $1,500 a year. The governor's power of appointment is very limited, usu- ally extending merely to his secretary and military staff ; but he may fill a vacancy un- til the office is provided for in the manner prescribed by law. He is empowered to nomi- nate, subject to approval by the senate, six members of the state board of agriculture, manufactures, and mining. The governor, lieu- tenant governor, and treasurer are elected for two years by the freemen of the state ; the secretary of state, auditor, and superintendent of education are chosen by the legislature. The other state officers comprise an inspec- tor of finance, savings banks, and trust compa- nies, a railroad commissioner, a commissioner of the insane, two commissioners of insurance and two of fisheries, a superintendent of the state prison, a superintendent of the reform t Including Swanton branch to Canada line, 10 m.
 * To be completed to Swanton, 118 m.