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 592 TAYLOR California, and returned home by the way of Mexico. In 1851 he set out on a protracted tour in the East, in the course of which he ascended the Nile to lat. 12 30' N., and after- ward traversed large portions of Asia Minor, Syria, and Europe; and in the latter part of 1852 he made a new departure from England, crossing Asia to Calcutta, and thence proceed- ing to China, where he joined the expedition of Commodore Perry to Japan ; and he after- ward made several other journeys. In 1862-'3 he was secretary of legation at St. Petersburg, and part of the time charg6 d'affaires. In 1874 he revisited Egypt, and attended the mil- lennial celebration in Iceland, at which a poem by him was read, translated into Icelandic. At intervals he has appeared as a public lecturer, and has resided for several years in Germany. Besides his " Views Afoot," he has published " El Dorado, or Adventures in the Path of Em- pire" (2 vols. 12mo, 1850); "A Journey to Central Africa" (1854); "The Lands of" the Saracen" (1854); "A Visit to India, China, and Japan" (1855); " Northern Travel : Sum- mer and Winter Pictures of Sweden, Denmark, and Lapland" (London, 1857; New York, 1858) ; " Travels in Greece and Russia " (1859); "At Home and Abroad, a Sketch Book of Life, Scenery, and Men" (1859; 2d series, 1862); " Colorado, a Summer Trip " (1867); "By- Ways of Europe " (1869) ; and " Egypt and Iceland " (1874). His volumes of poems are : "Ximena, or the Battle of the Sierra Morena, and other Poems" (Philadelphia, 1844); "Rhymes of Travel, Ballads, and other Poems" (1848); " The American Legend," a poem delivered before the Phi Beta Kappa society of Har- vard university (1850); "Book of Romances, Lyrics, and Songs" (1851) ; "Poems and Bal- lads" (1854); "Poems of the Orient" (1855); " Poems of Home and Travel," a selection from his early lyrics (Boston, 1855); "The Poet's Journal " (1862) ; " The Picture of St. John " (1866); "The Ballad of Abraham Lincoln" (1869); "The Masque of the Gods" (1872); " Lars, a Pastoral of Norway " (1873) ; " The Prophet, a Tragedy" (1874); and "Home Pas- torals, Ballads, and Lyrics" (1875). He has also published the novels " Hannah Thurston, a Story of American Life " (1863), "John God- frey's Fortunes" (1864), "The Story of Ken- nett" (1866), and "Joseph and his Friend" (1870). He has translated in the original metres both parts of Goethe's "Faust" (1870-'71), and has edited a " Cyclopaedia of Modern Travel " (Cincinnati, 1856), " Frithiof s Saga," trans- lated by W. L. Blackley from the Swedish of Tegn6r (1867), Auerbach's " ViDa on the Rhine " (2 vols., 1869), and "Illustrated Library of Travel, Exploration, and Adventure " (vols. i.- iv., 1872-'4). Several of his works have been translated into German, French, and Russian. Since 1872 he has been engaged upon a com- bined biography of Goethe and Schiller. TAYLOR, Brook, an English mathematician, born at Edmonton, Aug. 18, 1685, died in or near London, Dec. 29, 1731. In 1701 he en- tered St. John's college, Cambridge, and in 1708 wrote his treatise on the "Centre of Os- cillation," which was published in 1713 in the " Philosophical Transactions." In 1712 he was chosen a fellow of the royal society, and from 1714 to 1718 was its secretary; and he con- tributed papers on magnetism and mathemat- ical subjects. His Methodus Incrementorum (1715) is the first treatise in which' the calcu- lus of finite differences is proposed for con- sideration, and contains the first enunciation of the celebrated theorem which bears his name. In 1715 he conducted a controversial corre- spondence with Count Raymond de Montmort on the tenets of Malebranche, and in 1719 he published his "New Principles of Linear Per- spective." His Contemplatio Philosophica was published posthumously, with a memoir by his grandson, Sir William Young (1793). He left a number of works which are still unpublished. TAYLOR, Edward T., an American clergyman, born in Richmond, Va., Dec. 25, 1793, died in Boston, April 6, 1871. From 7 to 17 years of age he was a sailor boy. Captured on a priva- teer in the war of 1812, he was imprisoned at Dartmoor, England, and acted as chaplain to the prisoners. In connection with the New England Methodist conference he began stated labors and continued nine years, till about 1828, when he became chaplain of the Boston seamen's bethel, which post he retained till his death, acquiring a world-wide fame as the eloquent sailors' preacher. For many years he was known as Father Taylor. He visited Eu- rope in 1832, and Palestine in 1842; and ho was chaplain of the Macedonian, sent in 1846 to the relief of the starving poor of Ireland. TAYLOR, George, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, born in Ireland in 1716, died in Easton, Pa., Feb. 23, 1781. After receiving a good education, he came to America as a " redemptioner," and bound himself for a term of years to an iron manufacturer at Durham, Pa. His employer subsequently made him his clerk, and after his death Taylor married his widow and became master of the establishment. He was a member of the provincial assembly from 1764 till 1770, when he was made a judge of the connty court and colonel of militia. In October, 1775, he was again elected to the provincial assembly. He was elected to the continental congress on July 20, 1776, signed the Declaration on Aug. 2, and in March, 1777, retired from congress. TAYLOR, Sir Henry, an English poet, born in 1800. In 1824 he entered the colonial office, where he has long been one of the five senior clerks. His earliest publication was "Isaac Comnenus, a Play" (1827), and he is best known by two dramas in blank verse, " Philip van Artevelde " (1834) and " Edwin the Fair " (1842). His other works include "The Eve of the Conquest, and other Poems" (1847); "Notes from Life, in Six Essays" (1847); "Notes from Books, in Four Essays" (1849);