Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XV.djvu/594

 566 TANGIER TANJORE according to the latest observations (made by Lieut. L. V. Cameron, R. N., 1874), is 2,711*2 ft. The water is deep and pure, though pe- culiar in taste. The northern portion of the lake, which was thoroughly explored by Liv- ingstone, lies between the 29th and 30th merid- ians, and narrows as it trends northward, be- ing largely hemmed in by mountains on or near the coast. Nearest the W. shore, just S. of the 4th parallel, is the large island of Mozi- ma, 40 m. long. At its N. extremity the lake receives the waters of the Rusizi. S. of lat. 6 the lake is wholly E. of the 30th meridian. The E. coast is hilly. The wide bay which forms the S. extremity of Tanganyika is the Lake Liemba of Livingstone. Between lat. 6 and 7 the W. coast rises into mountains 2,500 ft. high, wooded to their summits. On both sides innumerable small streams and many con- siderable rivers flow into the lake. The river Lukuga, discovered by Lieut. Cameron on the W. coast in May, 1874, which is 300 to 500 yards wide and from three to five fathoms deep, leaves the lake, near lat. 6, with a cur- rent of 1*2 knot an hour. This explorer traced the river four or five miles, until his boats were stopped by the density of the aquatic vegetation. The hydrographic relations of Lake Tanganyika have been the subject of much controversy. As to its asserted connec- tion with the Nile system, see NILE. Accord- ing to native information, the Lukuga flows into Livingstone's Lualaba, but Capt. Burton regards this outlet as really such only in the season of floods, when it acts as a surplus drain, becoming in turn a tributary to the lake in the dry season ; a view which is evident- ly founded on Livingstone's observation that from February to November the surface wa- ter of the lake, as seen at Ujiji, moves north- ward at the rate of about a mile an hour, while during the re- mainder of the year there is a similar gentle movement in the op- posite direction. The shores of the lake are rich in beautiful sce- nery, and in many por- tions are thickly in- habited. The principal place upon it is the town of Ujiji, on the E. coast. TANGIER, or Tangiers (Moorish, Tanja), a city and seaport of Morocco, near the W. entrance of the strait of Gibraltar, in lat 85 47' N., Ion. 5 48' W. ; pop. about 12,000. It is on high ground overlooking a spacious bay, surround- ed by a wall, and defended by several forts. Its streets are narrow and dirty. The harbor was once good, but is now so filled up with sand that vessels of 300 or 400 tons only can enter it. The entrances in 1873 were 525 vessels, tonnage 48,956; clearances 520, ton- nage 49,036. The total value of the imports was $1,758,125, of which $600,000 was in specie; of the exports, $1,216,080. Its trade consists principally in supplying Gibraltar, Cadiz, and Lisbon with provisions. Tangier is the ancient Tingis, supposed to have been founded by the Carthaginians. It was an im- portant city under the Romans, and under Claudius became the capital of Mauritania Tingitana. In 1471 it fell into the hands of the Portuguese, who held it till 1662, when it was ceded to England as a part of the dowry of Catharine of Braganza, queen of Charles II. The British abandoned it in 1684, after de- stroying the mole which they had built. In 1844 it was bombarded by the French. TANGIPAHOA, a S. E. parish of Louisiana, bounded N. by Mississippi and S. by Lakes Pontchartrain and Maurepas, and intersected by the Tangipahoa river ; area, about 720 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 7,928, of whom 2,994 were colored; in 1875, 7,248, of whom 3,196 were colored. The surface is low and level, and the soil in some parts fertile, in others sandy. It is traversed by the New Orleans, Jackson, and Great Northern railroad. The chief produc- tions in 1870 were 64,023 bushels of Indian corn, 35,809 of sweet potatoes, 1,642 bales of cotton, 20,423 Ibs. of butter, 9,071 of wool, and 57,030 of rice. There were 772 horses, 1,480 milch cows, 4,877 other cattle, 3,457 sheep, and 6,270 swine. Capital, Amite City. TANJORE. I. A district of Madras, British India, bounded N. by Trichinopoly and South Arcot, E. and S. E. by the bay of Bengal, S. The Palace, Tanjore. and S. W. by Madura, and W. by Trichinop- oly and the dependent native state of Poodoo- cottah ; area, 3,736 sq. m. ; pop. in 1872, 1,975,- 042. There are no important harbors. The