Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XV.djvu/577

 ca: fa] an SYRINGA Maria Deipara in Egypt. A grammar of the dialect of Urumiah, by the Rev. I). T. Stod- dard, was published in 1856 by the Ameri- can oriental society. Noldeke has produced a Her and more learned one, founded on this id on the texts published by the missionaries, entitled Grammatik der neusyrischen Sprache (Leipsic, 1868). Dr. Adalbert Merx has pub- ~.ed a Neusyrisches Lesebucli: Texte'im Dia- e von Urmia (Breslau, 1874). STRING!. See LILAC, and PHILADELPHIA. SYROS. See SYEA. STRTIS MAJOR and Syrtis Minor, the ancient of two large gulfs on the N. coast of frica, now called respectively the gulf of ra and the gulf of Cabes or Gabes. These Ifs were dangerous on account of their shal- wness, the number of quicksands, and the .certainty of the tides. The Greater Syrtis, r gulf of Sidra, is on the N". coast of Tripoli, extends from the promontory of Boreum ow Ras Teyonas) on the E. side to that of iphalao (Ras Kasr Hamet) on the W. The istance between the two promontories is bout 270 m., and the greatest extension of e gulf inland is 110 m. The Lesser Syrtis, or gulf of Cabes, indents the E. coast of Tunis, between the jsland of Jerbah on the south and Caput Vadorum (Ras Kapudiah) on north; its width is about 100 m., measur- from these points. The region between e two gulfs, formerly called Syrtica, is most- a narrow sandy or marshy strip of land, ow belonging to Tripoli. In ancient times it as peopled by the Lothophagi, Macse, Psylli, asamones, and other Libyan tribes, besides ptians and Phoenicians on the coast. Cy- ne and Carthage contended for it, the latter inning, it is said, through the self-sacrifice of wo brothers, the Philseni. SZABADKA (Ger. Maria-Theresiopel), a town f S. Hungary, in the county of Bacs, 96 in. . S. E. of Pesth; pop. in 1870, 56,323. Its nhabitants are mostly agriculturists, but there also considerable trade in cattle, tobacco, and ther products. SZABOLCS, a N. E. county of Hungary, in the ans-Tibiscan circle, the Theiss constituting he K and part of the W. frontier ; area, 2,304 m. ; pop. in 1870, 265,584, chiefly Magyars, t is a wide, sandy plain, with large marshes, especially in the north and west, but the soil is fertile. The chief products are cattle, grain, bacco, and wine. Capital, Nagy-Kall6. SZALA. See ZALA. SZALAY, Laszlo, a Hungarian historian, born Buda, April 18, 1813, died in Salzburg, July 17, 1864. He studied at the university of Pesth, was admitted to the bar in 1833, was a member of the diet of 1839-'40, and prepared with Deak and others the penal code adopted by the lower house. Having edited for some time the Themis, and subsequently the Buda- pesti ssemle (" Buda-Pesth Review "), he suc- ceeded Kossuth in July, 1844, as editor of the Pestihirlap ("Pesth Journal"). In 1847-'52 SZEGEDIN 549 he published Statusferfialc Tconyve ("The Book of Statesmen "), a collection of political biogra- phies. In 1848 he was sent by the Batthyanyi ministry as envoy to the provisional central government of Germany at Frankfort, whence he soon after retired to London, and subse- quently resided in Switzerland, until allowed to return to Hungary about the beginning of 1861, where he became a prominent member of the diet at Pesth. His principal work is Magyar or szdg lortenete ( u History of Hun- gary," 6 vols., Leipsic and Pesth, 1850-'63; German ed., 1866 et seq.). SZATMAR, or Szathmar. I. A K E. county of Hungary, in the Trans-Tibiscan circle, bounded K by the Theiss, and intersected by the Sza- mos; area, 2,260 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 280,- 568, chiefly Magyars. The E. part is moun- tainous, and contains the gold and silver mines of Nagy-Banya ; the remainder is level and partly marshy. The climate is healthful and mild, and the soil fertile, producing corn, maize, hemp, flax, wine, and tobacco. Cattle, swine, sheep, and bees are raised in great num- bers. II* A town, capital of the county, 65 m. E. N. E. of Debreczin; pop. in 1870, 18,- 353. It consists of two parts, Nemeti on the N". bank of the Szamos, and Szatmar on an island in the river. It is the seat of a Catho- lic bishop, and has a Catholic gymnasium, a lyceum, a seminary, and Greek and Protestant churches. A considerable trade is carried on in wine, linen, and woollen fabrics. SZECHEMI, 1st van, count, a Hungarian states- man, born in Vienna, Sept. 21, 1791, died -by his own hand at Dobling, April 8, 1860. He was the son of Count Francis Sz6chenyi, the founder of the national museum at Pesth, served in the last campaigns of Austria against Napoleon, and in 1825 took his seat in the upper house of the Hungarian diet. He con- tributed the sum of $30,000 toward the foun- dation of the Hungarian national academy, and was its vice president; and as leader of the national party he carried through a grand series of public enterprises. To popularize his against him his Kelet nepe (" Peopl( the East," 1840), and combated him in the diet of 1847; but in 1848 he yielded to the current, and entered the Batthyanyi -Kossuth cabinet as minister of public works. On the outbreak of the war he became insane, and was taken to an asylum at Dobling near Vi- enna, in which, though he recovered after some time, he spent the remainder of his life. In March, 1860, his abode and papers were searched by the Austrian police, and shortly after he shot himself. SZEGEDIN (Hun. Szeged), a city of Hungary, capital of the county of Csongrad, on the right bank of the Theiss, opposite the mouth of the Maros, 55 m. W. of Arad and 96 m. S. E. of Pesth ; pop. in 1870, 70,179, chiefly Magyars