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 SUMMER BED BIRD ington, and in December went to Paris, and len to England. In 1824 he returned to lew York, and continued for a time to travel id preach. He was a founder of the Amer- 3an tract society. His biography has been written by John Holland (8vo, New York, L829), and by William M. Willett (Philadelphia, 1857). His "Sermons and Sketches of Ser- lons " were published at New York in 1842. SIMMER RED BIRD. See TANA GEE. SIMMERS, a central county of "West Virginia, mded S. W. by the Meadow river, and in- jrsected by Gauley river. It has been formed ice the census ojf 1870 from Nicholas co. The irface is greatly diversified, and the valleys re productive. The staples are wheat, corn, its, hay, and dairy products. Capital, Hinton. SIMMERS, Thomas Osmond, an American cler- man, born near Corfe Castle, Dorsetshire, England, Oct. 11, 1812. He emigrated to the Inited States in 1830, and became a preacher the Methodist Episcopal church, at first in 'irginia. In 1840 he went to Texas as one of* line ministers to constitute the first confer- ice there. In 1844 he joined the Alabama iference, and as secretary of the convention Louisville, Ky., assisted in organizing the [ethodist Episcopal church, South. By ap- )intment, he assisted in editing the " South- Christian Advocate " and in compiling a jw hymn book. In 1850 the general con- rence elected him editor of their books and racts, and of the " Sunday School Visitor," md in 1858 also of the " Quarterly Review." 1866 he was elected editor of the "Nash- ille Christian Advocate," and in 1874 pro- fessor of systematic theology in the new Van- " 3rbilt university, Nashville, Tenn. His wri- ings include "Commentaries on the Gospels id on the Acts of the Apostles;" " Com- lentary on the Ritual of the M. E. Church, South;" "A Treatise on Baptism;" "A Trea- 3e on Holiness;" "Sunday School Teacher, the Catechetical Office;" " Seasons, Months, id Days;" "Talks Pleasant and Profitable;" "The Golden Censer;" "Scripture Catechism" vols., Old and New Testament) ; " Refuta- ion of Thomas Paine's Theological Writings;" id an enlargement and revision of Watson's "Biblical and Theological Dictionary." SUMMIT. I. A N. E. county of Ohio, drained jy the Cuyahoga river and the head streams )f the Tuscarawas, and traversed by the Ohio canal and several railroads ; area, 400 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 34,674. It is the most elevated land on the line of the Ohio canal. The sur- face is uneven and the soil highly fertile. Coal is mined in large quantities. Water power abounds. The chief productions in 1873 were 307,123 bushels of wheat, 633,619 of Indian corn, 386,714 of oats, 98,489 of potatoes, 32,- 587 tons of hay, 105,639 Ibs. of wool, 749,370 of butter, and 1,586,842 of cheese. In 1874 there were 8,223 horses, 23,911 cattle, 28,- 065 sheep, and 9,594 hogs. In 1870 there were 5 manufactories of agricultural imple- SUMNER 467 ments, 10 of brick, 23 of carriages and wagons, 11 of cheese, 16 of cooperage, 1 of cutlery and edge tools, 1 of anchors and chains, 8 of iron castings, 9 of tanned and 6 of curried leather, 7 of machinery, 3 of paper, 26 of stone and earthen ware, 3 of woollen goods, 10 flour mills, and 15 saw mills. Capital, Akron. II. A N. W. county of Colorado, bordering on Utah, and watered by the Grand, White, and Bear rivers ; area, about 8,500 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 258. This county formerly occupied the whole N. W. corner of the territory W. of the Rocky mountains, but in 1874 Grand co., with an area of about 11,000 sq. m., was formed from the N. portion. The E. includes a por- tion of the Middle park, and is crossed by the Rocky mountains. The W. portion is densely timbered with pine and spruce, and there are immense beds of coal. Gold, copper, lead, iron, and zinc are found. On the Grand and Blue rivers and their tributaries are good grazing lands ; little is known of the agricul- tural capabilities of the county. The popula- tion is chiefly in the S. E. corner, on the head waters of the Blue river, and is almost exclu- sively engaged in gold placer mining. Capital, Breckinridge. III. A N. E. county of Utah, bordering on Wyoming, and containing the head waters of Bear and Weber rivers ; area, 1,250 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 2,512. It is crossed by the Union Pacific railroad. The surface is mountainous. Coal, gold, silver, and lead are found. The chief productions in 1870 were 18,955 bushels of wheat, 2,028 of oats, 1,352 of barley, 12,149 of potatoes, 13,540 Ibs. of butter, and 2,569 tons of hay. The value of live stock was $65,353. Capital, Coalville. SODiER. I. A N. central county of Missis- sippi, formed in 1874 from Choctaw, Mont- gomery, and Oktibbeha counties ; area, 408 sq. m. ; pop. about 8,000. It is drained by the Big Black river. The surface is somewhat un- dulating and the soil productive. The chief crops are Indian corn, sweet potatoes, and cot- ton. Capital, Mt. Tabor. II. A N. county of Tennessee, bordering on Kentucky, bounded S. by the Cumberland river and drained by af- fluents of Big Barren river; area, about 600 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 23,711, of whom 7,777 were colored. The surface is undulating and the soil fertile. The Louisville, Nashville, and Great Southern railroad passes through it. The chief productions in 1870 were 163,114 bushels of wheat, 1,155,914 of Indian corn, 233,837 of oats, 35,253 of Irish and 25,074 of sweet potatoes, 4,921 tons of hay, 909,568 Ibs. of tobacco, 38,860 of wool, 224,295 of butter, 15,668 of honey, and 38,563 gallons of sorghum molasses. There were 7,582 horses, 3,078 mules and asses, 5,378 milch cows, 9,500 other cattle, 20,421 sheep, and 37,304 swine. Capi- tal, Gallatin. III. A S. county of Kansas, bor- dering on Indian territory, and intersected in the northeast by the Arkansas river; area, 1,152 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 22; in 1875, 4,925. It consists of fertile prairies. Capital, Sumner.