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 STOCKTON years he took an active part in politics as a partisan of Gen. Jackson. In 1838 he served as flag officer in the Mediterranean, and in 1839 was made a captain and recalled. He was one of the earliest advocates of a steam navy, and drew the plans for the steam sloop of war Princeton, built at Philadelphia in 1842-'4, the explosion of one of the guns of which at Wash- ington in 1844 caused the death of five per- sons, including the secretaries of war and the navy. In October, 1845, he was sent to the Pacific coast, where he took command, and in the following year conquered California and established the authority of the United States, returning overland in 1847. In 1849 he re- signed his commission, and in 1851 was elected United States senator. He promoted the abo- lition of flogging in the navy, and resigned in 1853. His "Life, Speeches, and Letters" was published in 1856 (New York). STOCKTON, Thomas Hewlings, an American clergyman, born at Mount Holly, N. J., June 4, 1808, died in Philadelphia, Oct. 9, 1868. He studied medicine in Philadelphia, but became a Methodist Protestant preacher, and was sta- tioned at Baltimore in 1830. He was chaplain of the house of representatives from 1833 to 1835, and again from 1859 to 1861, and of the senate in 1862. In 1850-'55 he was associate pastor of St. John's Methodist church in Balti- more, and from 1856 of the church of the New Testament in Philadelphia. He compiled and published a Protestant Methodist hymn book, and issued the New Testament in paragraph form, and editions of the Bible, each book by itself. His other works include "Floating Flowers from a Hidden Brook " (Philadelphia, 1844); "The Bible Alliance" (Cincinnati, 1850) ; " Ecclesiastical Opposition to the Bible" (Baltimore, 1853) ; " Sermons for the People " (Pittsburgh, 1854); "The Blessing" (Phila- delphia, 1857) ; " Stand up for Jesus," a ballad with notes, illustrations, and music, and a few additional poems (Philadelphia, 1858) ; " Poems, with Autobiographical and other Notes" (1862); "The Peerless Magnificence of the Word of God" (1862); "Influence of the United States on Christendom" (1865); and from his manuscript, after his death, "The Book Above All" (1870). See "Memory's Tribute to the Life, Character, and Work of Rev. Thomas H. Stockton," by the Rev. A. Clark (New York, 1869), and "Life, Charac- ter, and Death of Rev. Thomas H. Stockton," by the Rev. J. G. Wilson (Philadelphia, 1869). STOCKTON-llPON-TEES, a town of Durham, England, on the left bank of the Tees, 10 m. from its mouth in the North sea, and 220 m. N. N. W. of London; pop. in 1871, 27,598. The river is crossed by a fine bridge. The principal public buildings are the custom house, town hall, borough hall, mechanics' institute, and theatre. It is an important railway centre, and several branch lines bring in the produce of the numerous coal and lead mines in the vicinity. It has considerable commerce, and STODDARD 393 vessels of 300 tons can come up to the quays. The manufactures comprise sail cloth, rope, linen and worsted yarns, and iron and brass work, and there are ship yards, breweries, brick kilns, and corn mills. Stockton was early a place of importance, and was the resi- dence of the bishops of Durham. In 1325 it was ravaged by the Scots. In 1644 it was taken by the Scottish army, and in 1652 the castle was demolished. STODDARD, a S. E. county of Missouri, bounded W. by the St. Francis and drained by the Castor river; area, about 800 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 8,535, of whom 70 were colored. The greater portion of the county is level, and there are swamps and shallow lakes, the prin- cipal of the latter being Lake Nicormy, 25 m. long and 4 m. wide. It is a part of the " sunk country" produced by the earthquake of 1811. Large forests of cypress abound. It is inter- sected by the Cairo, Arkansas, and Texas divi- sion of the St. Louis and Iron Mountain rail- road. The chief productions in 1870 were 34,- 501 bushels of wheat, 384,051 of Indian corn, 17,259 of oats, 29,708 of potatoes, 118,534 Ibs. of tobacco, 9,138 of wool, 37,688 of butter, and 11,991 gallons of sorghum molasses. There were 2,295 horses, 2,560 milch cows, 1,286 working oxen, 4,206 other cattle, 6,765 sheep, and 26,558 swine. Capital, Bloomfield. STODDiRD. I. Richard Henry, an American author, born in Hingham, Mass., in July, 1825. His father, a sea captain, was early lost on a voyage, and the son for several years worked in an iron foundery in New York. In 1849 he privately printed a volume of poems, entitled " Footprints," followed by a maturer collec- tion of " Poems " in 1852. In the latter year he received an appointment in the New York custom, house, which he held till 1870. In 1853 he published "Adventures in Fairy Land," a book for young people, and in 1857 " Songs of Summer." His other works are : "Town and Country, and the Voices in the Shells," for children (New York, 1857); "Life, Travels, and Books of A. von Humboldt," with an in- troduction by Bayard Taylor (Boston, 1860 ; London, 1862) ; " The King's Bell," a poem (Boston, 1862; London, 1864; New York, 1865) ; " The Story of Little Red Riding Hood," in verse (New York, 1864) ; " The Children in the Wood," in verse (1865); "Abraham Lin- coln, a Horatian Ode" (1865); "Putnam the Brave " (1869) ; and " The Book of the East," containing his later poems (1871). He has ed- ited " Gen. Lyon's Political Essays, with his Life" (New York, 1861); "The Loves and Heroines of the Poets " (1861) ; J. G. Vas- sar's "Twenty-one Years round the World" (1862) ; " Madrigals, mostly from the Old Eng- lish Poets" (1865); "The Late English Poets" (1865) ; a new edition with additions of Gris- wold's " Poets and Poetry of America " (1872), and of his " Female Poets of America " (1874) ; and the " Bric-a-Brac Series " (1874 et seq.}. II. Elizabeth (BAESTOW), wife of the preceding,