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 386 STILLINGFLEET medical college, and since June, 1804, in the university of Pennsylvania. He has published "Medical Instruction in the United States" (Philadelphia, 1845) ; " Elements of General Pathology" (1848); "Report on Medical Lit- erature" (1850); "The Unity of Medicine" (1856) ; " Humboldt's Life and Character " (1859) ; and " Therapeutics and Materia Med- ica" (2 vols. 8vo, 1860; revised and enlarged, 1864; 4th ed., 1874). His -brother MORETON (born Oct. 27, 1822, died Aug. 20, 1855), resi- dent physician of the Pennsylvania hospital in 1848-'9, and afterward lecturer to the Philadel- phia association for medical instruction, pub- lished with Francis Wharton a "Treatise on Medical Jurisprudence" (Philadelphia, 1855; 2d ed., with medical part revised and enlarged by Dr. Alfred Stille, 1860). STILLINGFLEET, Edward, an English bishop, born in Cranborne, Dorset, April 17, 1635, died in London, March 27, 1699. He was edu- cated at Cambridge, at the age of 18 obtained a fellowship, and in 1657 was presented to the rectory of Sutton. Subsequently he became chaplain in ordinary to Charles II. and dean of St. Paul's, and in 1689 bishop of Worcester. He published " Irenicum, or the Divine Eight of particular Forms of Church Government Examined" (1659), manifesting much more toleration than his later, works ; " A Rational Account of the Grounds of Protestant Reli- gion" (fol., 1664); "Discourse concerning the Idolatry practised in the Church of Rome" (1671) ; a sermon against the nonconformists entitled "The Mischief of Separation," to the criticisms upon which he replied in a volume entitled " The Unreasonableness of Separa- tion" (4to, 1681); and tracts against Roman Catholics and Socinians. He is best known by his " Origines Sacra?, or Rational Account of the Grounds of Natural and Revealed Reli- gion" (4to, 1662), and his "Origines Britan- nicsB, or the Antiquities of the British Church- es " (1685). When James II. revived the court of ecclesiastical commission, Stillingfleet re- fused to be a member of it, and after the revolution of 1688 he published a discourse concerning the illegality of the commission. In the latter part of his life he engaged in a sharp controversy with Locke on the latter's definition of substance and theory of ideas in general. His works were printed in 1710 in 6 vols. fol., to which was added in 1735 a vol- ume of his miscellaneous writings. STILLWATER, N. Y. See SARATOGA, BAT- TLE OP. STILLWATER, a city and the county seat of Washington co., Minnesota, on the W. bank of the St. Croix river, 25 m. N. of its junction with the Mississippi, and 16 m. E. N. E. of St. Paul, with which it is connected by two lines of railroad; pop. in 1870, 4,124; in 1875, 5,750. It is the centre of the lumber trade of the St. Croix valley, and contains seven saw mills, a flouring mill, two planing mills, an extensive cooperage and cabinet factory, two STIMPSON national banks, two large public school build- ings, the state prison, a public library, three weekly newspapers, and nine churches. STILT, a wading bird of the avocet family, and genus himantopus (Briss.). The bill is long, straight, slender, and pointed, with a groove on each side to the middle ; wings long and pointed, first quill much the longest ; tail short and nearly even ; legs very thin and long, with scaled tarsi ; toes moderate, joined at the base, with a wide membrane between the out- er and middle toes ; hind toe wanting ; claws small and sharp; neck long. Half a dozen species are found in various parts of the world. The black-necked stilt (H. nigricollis, Vieill.) is about 14 in. long, black above, with fore- head, lower parts, rump, and tail white ; bill black, and legs red. It is found as far N. as the middle states in spring, frequenting salt marshes in small flocks, and going S. beyond the limits of the United States in autumn ; the nests are built in company, at first upon the Black-necked Stilt (Himantopus nigricollis). ground, from which they are gradually raised by successive additions; the eggs are usually four, of a pale yellowish clay color, with large irregular blotches and lines of brownish black ; the flight is rapid and regular, the legs extending behind ; the flesh is indifferent eat- ing. The white stilt (H. melanopterus, Meyer) is of about the same size, and white, with the back and wings shining greenish black, and legs red ; it prefers the edges of fresh-water streams, and is found in S. E. Europe, Asia, and Africa ; the bill is 3 in. and tarsus 4 in. STDIPSON, William, an American naturalist, born in Roxbury, Mass., Feb. 14, 1832, died at Ilchester Mills, Howard co., Md., May 26, 1872. He studied under Agassiz, and in 1849 engaged in dredging off the coast of New- England. In 1852 he accompanied Agassiz to Norfolk, Va., to investigate the marine fauna of that region. In 1852-'6 he was nat- uralist to the North Pacific exploring expedi- tion, and in December, 1864, became curator