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 SMITH 115 swine. Capital, Raleigh. II. A N. E. county of Texas, bounded N. by the Sabine river and W. by the Neches, and drained by the sources of the Angelina ; area, 900 sq. ni. ; pop. in 1870, 16,532, of whom 7,131 were colored. The greater portion of the surface is prairie land, and the soil is fertile. It is traversed by the International and Great Northern railroad. The chief productions in 1870 were 420,646 bushels of Indian corn, 22,017 of barley, 54,987 of sweet potatoes, 100,856 Ibs. of butter, 1,878 gallons of molasses, and 9,322 bales of cotton. There were 1,988 horses, 1,189 mules and asses, 4,975 milch cows, 9,954 other cattle, 2,726 sheep, and 22,658 swine. Capital, Tyler. III. A N. county of Tennessee, intersected by the Cumberland river and drained by Caney fork ; area, about 300 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 15,994, of whom 3,536 were colored. The surface is rough, but the soil is generally fertile. The chief productions in 1870 were 126,837 bushels of wheat, 888,078 of Indian corn, 72,528 of oats, 17,996 of Irish and 15,163 of sweet pota- toes, 2,250,202 Ibs. of tobacco, 32,674 of wool, 255,723 of butter, 39,061 of honey, and 40,344 gallons of sorghum molasses. There were 4,857 horses, 3,715 milch cows, 6,117 other cattle, 17,591 sheep, and 33,687 swine. Capital, Car- thage. IV. A N. county of Kansas, bordering on Nebraska, and intersected by the N. fork of Solomon river ; area, 900 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 66 ; in 1875, 3,876. The surface is un- dulating and fertile. Capital, Smith Centre. SMITH, Adam, a Scottish philosopher, born at Kirkcaldy, Fifeshire, June 5, 1723, died in Edinburgh, July 8, 1790. He studied at the university of Glasgow for three years, and for seven years at Oxford. In 1748 he fixed his residence in Edinburgh, where under the pat- ronage of Lord Kames he delivered lectures on rhetoric and belles-lettres. He was elected in 1751 professor of logic in the university of Glasgow, and was transferred in 1752 to the chair of moral philosophy in the same univer- sity, which he filled nearly 12 years. His course was divided into four parts. The first treated natural theology; in the second, de- voted to ethics, he developed the doctrines contained in his "Theory of Moral Senti- ments ;" in the third, the subject of which was justice, he traced the gradual progress of juris- prudence and government ; and in the fourth, the subject of which was expediency, he ex- amined those political regulations which relate to commerce, finances, and ecclesiastical and military establishments, and which are calcu- lated to increase the power and prosperity of a state. The last division included the sub- stance of his work on the "Wealth of Na- tions." He published in 1759 his "Theory of Moral Sentiments," in which he maintains the doctrine that all moral emotions and distinc- tions spring from sympathy. (See MOEAL PHI- LOSOPHY.) From this time he devoted a larger portion of his lectures to jurisprudence and political economy. Near the close of 1763 he resigned his professorship to accompany the young duke of Buccleugh on his travels. They visited Paris, resided 18 months at Toulouse, passed two months at Geneva, and returning to Paris at the end of 1765, remained there nearly a year. He returned with his pupil to London in October, 1766, and soon after fixed his residence for ten years with his mother at Kirkcaldy, engaged in severe study, and occa- sionally visiting Edinburgh and London. For many years he enjoyed an intimate friendship with Hume. In 1776 appeared his "Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the "Wealth of Nations," which was the first complete and systematic statement of the principles of po- litical economy. It received several additions in the third edition (1784), and was translated into the principal European languages. A new edition by J. E. T. Rogers was published in London and New York in 1870 (2 vols. 8vo). (See POLITICAL ECONOMY, vol. xiii., p. 668.) Smith resided for two years after its publica- tion chiefly in London, and in 1778 was ap- pointed one of the commissioners of customs for Scotland, removing to Edinburgh. In 1787 he was elected lord rector of the university of Glasgow. A large proportion of his savings was allotted to secret charity. SMITH, Albert, an English author, born at Chertsey, May 24, 1816, died at Fulham, near London, May 23, 1860. He was educated for the surgical profession in London and Paris, and joined his father in practice at Chertsey, but soon became a writer for the periodical press. Settling in London in 1841, he became a contributor to "Bentley's Miscellany," and within a few years produced " The Wassail Bowl," "The Adventures of Mr. Ledbury," "The Scattergood Family," "The Marchio- ness of Brinvilliers," "Christopher Tadpole," and "The Pottleton Legacy." He was also engaged for some time upon "Punch," his contributions to which included " The Physi- ology of Evening Parties," "The Medical Stu- dent," and other light varieties ; and in 1847 -'9 he produced a number of amusing trifles entitled " The Natural History of the Gent," " The Natural History of the Ballet Girl," "Stuck-up People," and "The Flirt" He also wrote Christmas adaptations from the tales of Dickens, burlesques, and other stage pieces, and was the dramatic critic of the " Il- lustrated London News." A journey to Con- stantinople in 1849 furnished him with mate- rials for his " Month at Constantinople " (1850), and also for the public entertainment called the "Overland Mail," first brought out in May, 1850. In August, 1851, he made the ascent of Mont Blanc, and his " entertainment " found- ed thereon proved his most successful venture, being constantly repeated till 1858. He then visited China, and after his return gave a Chi- nese entertainment, which in the spring of 1860 was replaced by the more popular story of Mont Blanc. This he repeated until within two days of his death. His entertainments