Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XIV.djvu/80

 72 PUFFIN PUGHE rufous white; bill 1| in- and horn-colored. The pied puff bird (li. macrorhynchu*, Gmel.) is black, with a black and larger bill ; general color black, with forehead, throat, abdomen, and tip of tail white. Figures of many of these puff birds may be found in Swainson's 44 Birds of Brazil and Mexico " (London, 1841). PIFFIN. See ArK. PIGATCUEFF, YfaHyan, a Cossack chieftain and pretender to the throne of Russia, born at Simoveisk on the Don in 1726, executed in Moscow, Jan. 21, 1775. He first appeared as the leader of a band of disciplined robbers. In the seven years' war he served against the Prussians, and subsequently in the Russian campaign of 1769 against Turkey. Returning to his native land, he was imprisoned for sedi- tious conduct; but having recovered his lib- erty, he went to Yaitzkoi, where a striking re- semblance noticed between himself and Peter III. prompted him to puss himself off as the murdered monarch, to forge a tale about his escape from death, and to declare that he was now to set about the task of dethroning Cath- arine II. and regaining his crown. The insur- rection broke out in the middle of 1778, when a manifesto of Pugatchetf in the name of Pe- ter III. was published. After he had got pos- session of the fortress of Yaitzkoi, and the religious sect of the Raskolniks, of which he had become a member, had embraced his cause, the peasantry went over to his side in large numbers, and many Tartar and Finnish tribes joined him. With these he took numerous fortresses on the Ural, the Volga, and the Don, and marched upon Moscow ; but he was betrayed by his comrades for 100,000 rubles to Michelson and Suvaroff. In this insurrec- tion 100,000 lives were lost. PCGET, Pierre, a French artist, born in Mar- seilles, Oct. 31, 1022, died there, Dec. 2, 1694. He was apprenticed to a ship builder and wood carver, travelled on foot to Italy, and after suffering great hardships obtained admission to the studio of Pietro da Cortona in Rome. Returning to Marseilles in 1643, ho was com- missioned by the duke do Brez6 to design a magnificent ship, which, in honor of the queen, Anne of Austria, was called La Reine, and Pugut devoted three years to decorating it with carvings. He next went to Italy again, and spent some years in copying antique monuments and in art and architectural stud- ies. In 1658 ho returned to France, and painted many church pictures for Marseilles, Ai.x, Toulon, Cuers, and La Ciotat, Ill health obliging him to give up painting in 1655, he devoted himself to sculpture and architecture. The gate and the balcony of the city hall at Toulon, which he built and carved, were his first works. He then went to Genoa, where he executed many important works. In 1665 he was recalled to France by Colbert, and ap- Sointed director of ship decorations at the ockyard of Toulon, where he also began to build an arsenal ; but its progress being hinder- ed by official intrigues, he retired to his native city. While at Toulon he had partly sculp- tured in Carrara marble the group upon which his fame mainly rests, his " Milo of Crotona devoured by a Lion." It was finished in 1683, for the gardens at Versailles. His group of Andromeda and Perseus was completed in 1685, and brought to Versailles by his son; three years later he himself went there with his bass relief of Alexander and Diogenes. After his return to Marseilles, he superintend- ed the building of a church, executed his last work in bass relief, u The Plague of Milan," and spent his later years in retirement. PTGET SOl'XD, in a general sense, the body of water which extends S. from the E. end of the strait of Fuca, through which it communi- cates with the Pacific ocean, into the N. W. portion of Washington terrritory, for a dis- tance in a direct line of about 80 m. Its prin- cipal constituents are Admiralty inlet, Puget sound proper, the S. termination of this inlet, and Hood's canal. Admiralty inlet extends from the strait of Fuca a little E. of S., with an average breadth of nearly 6 m., for 70 m., and communicates with the sound proper through the " narrows," 1 m. wide ana 4 m. long. The sound extends S. W. from the nar- rows, ramifying into numerous bays and inlets, and containing many islets. Hood's canal branches off from Admiralty inlet 18 m. S. of the strait of Fuca, and extends 8. W., with an average breadth of 2 m., for 50 m., when it bends abruptly and extends N. E. for 15 m., nearly connecting with tho waters of tho sound. Hood's canal on the one hand and Admiralty inlet and the sound on the other enclose a peninsula, of which Kitsnp co. forms the great- er part. As determined by tho United States coast survey, the coast line of Admiralty inlet measures 334 nautical miles; of Puget sound proper, 280; of Hood's canal, 192; total, 806. These bodies of water are all navigable, nnd the smaller inlets afford numerous safe, deep, and capacious harbors. The shores are fertile, and are covered with abundant timber. The chief towns are Olympia, tho capital of the territory, at tho S. extremity ; Steilacoom, Tacoma (tho N. terminus of the Pacific division of tho Northern Pacific railroad), and Seattle, on the E. shore ; and Port Townsend, at the N. W. extremity. The sound was named after an officer in Vancouver's expedition. PI (iHK, William Own, a Welsh author, born at Tyn y Bryn, Merionethshire, Aug. 7, 1769, died June 4, 1835. His original name was William Owen, to which he added that of Pughe late in life, on receiving an inheritance. At the age of 17 he went to London to earn his living, and there mado the acquaintance of Owen Jones, a tradesman, with whose sup- port and encouragement he entered upon the study of ancient Welsh literature. The two published in conjunction in 1789 tho poems of Dafydd ap Gwilym, a bard of the 14th century. This was followed by the works of