Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XIV.djvu/634

 610 SAN REMO SAN SALVADOR tains, watered by the Sevier river, and has abundant timber and considerable land adapted to agriculture. In the east are numerous large but generally unoccupied valleys. The chief productions in 1870 were 91,443 bushels of wheat, 3,867 of Indian corn, 9,197 of oats, 5,256 of peas and beans, 58,655 of potatoes, 12,509 Ibs. of wool, 61,887 of butter, and 4,084 tons of hay. There were 805 horses, 1,794 milch cows, 1,908 other cattle, 7, 407 sheep, and 361 swine; 7 manufactories of furniture, 2 wool-carding establishments, 1 flour mill, and 11 saw mills. Capital, Manti. SAN RENO, a town of Italy, in the province of Porto Maurizio, on the coast, 25 m. E. N. E. of Nice ; pop. about 10,000. It is picturesque- ly situated on a declivity descending to the sea- shore, which is covered by a dense growth of olive trees. The streets are narrow and steep, and there are several ancient churches. The palazzo Garbarino contains Raphael's Madon- na della Rovers. San Remo has become a rival of Nice and Mentone as a residence for invalids. SAN ROQITE, a city of Andalusia, Spain, in the province and 57 m. S. E. of the city of Cadiz, near the head of the bay of Gibraltar; pop. about 8,000. There is trade in grain and pro- visions. Owing to its healthful situation on a rocky eminence, and the low price of living, it is frequented by summer visitors. SAN SABA, a W. county of Texas, bounded N. and E. by the Colorado and intersected by the San Saba river; area, 1,100 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 1,425, of whom 144 were colored. The surface is partly mountainous. There are sul- phur springs in the S. E. part. The chief pro- ductions in 1870 were 49,710 bushels of wheat, 3,187 of sweet potatoes, 3,518 Ibs. of wool, 3,090 of honey, and 1,870 gallons of molasses. There were 16,343 cattle, 1,465 sheep, and 5,394 swine. Capital, San Saba. SAN SALVADOR. I. The smallest but most pop- ulous of the five republics of Central America, comprised between lat. 13 and 14 30' N., and Ion. 87 30' and 90 20' W., bounded N. and E. by Honduras, S. E. by Fonseca bay, S. by the Pacific, and N. W. by Guatemala ; area, accord- ing to Squier, 9,600 sq. m., though most recent authorities give it at not more than 7,500 sq. in. ; pop. estimated at 600,000, of whom 9,000 are whites, 300,000 Indians, 290,000 mestizoes, and 1,000 negroes. Except the extensive and safe port of La Union, on the W. shore of the bay of Fonseca, the harbors (Acajutla, La Li- bertad, and Jiquilisco) are merely open road- steads. A narrow tract of low, rich, alluvial land, 20 m. wide, extends along the shore as far as La Libertad; further N. the coast is rising and broken. Several short mountain ranges of moderate height traverse the inte- rior. About 12 to 15 m. from the coast are the volcanoes of Apaneca, 5,826 ft. high ; Isalco, which is unceasingly active, 4,060 ft. ; San Salvador, 7,376 ft. ; San Vicente, 7,500 ft. ; San Miguel, 6,680 ft. ; Santa Ana, 6,615 ft. ; Cojutepeque, 5,700 ft. ; Tecapa, 5,200 ft. ; Usu- lutan, 4,250 ft. ; Chinameca, 4,750 ft. ; and Conchagua, 4,800 ft. The chief river is the Lempa, deep but rapid, about 150 m. long, principally fed by the lake of Guija, near the N. W. boundary of the state. Lake Ilopango, nearly in the centre of the state, is about 9 m. long and 3 m. wide. The soil is generally good, in some parts remarkably rich ; but the frequent political dissensions have material- ly retarded agriculture. Considerable maize is planted; oranges, lemons, pineapples, and plantains are extensively grown ; sugar, cacao, coffee, cotton, and tobacco yield bountiful crops. But indigo is by far the most impor- tant source of wealth, though the quantity raised has considerably diminished since the era of independence. The Balsam coast, where the balsam of Peru is collected, is W. of Point Libertad ; the Indians collect annually about 20,000 Ibs. Numerous fine cattle are raised. The hills are crossed by innumerable metallic veins, but the mineral wealth of the country is imperfectly developed, and the rich silver mines are almost entirely neglected ; excellent iron ore is obtained near Metapa. The manu- factures consist of coarse cotton goods, cut- lery, and iron ware. Although warmer than Guatemala, the country is generally healthful, excepting the low tract along the coast. The republic is divided into the departments of San Miguel, San Vicente, La Paz (capital, 8a- catecoluca), Chalatenango, Cuscatlan (capital, Suchitoto), San Salvador, Sonsonate, and Santa Ana, with capitals of the same names except in the two cases noted. San Salvador is the capital of the republic; and, besides it and the department capitals, there are 140 smaller towns and 62 villages. Fairs have been estab- lished by the government in different parts of the state ; the principal one is held at San Miguel. The main article sold is indigo. In 1872 the imports amounted to $3,000,000, and the exports to $3,800,000. The public debt in 1869 was $705,800, at 6 per cent. The presi- dent, whose term was formerly six years, is now elected every four years. The legislature consists of a senate with 12 members, and a house of representatives with 24 members, all elected for two years, half of the members being replaced by new ones every year. Every male citizen over 21 years old is entitled to vote, except domestic servants and those who are without a legal occupation, contract debts fraudulently, owe money past due to the state, enter the service of a foreign power, or are notoriously of bad character; foreigners may become naturalized after five years' residence. Ecclesiastics and soldiers in active service are debarred from civil government offices. The president as well as the representatives and sen- ators must possess property of a specified value. Each department governor is elected for two years. The standing army consists of 1,000 men, and the militia of 5,000. Though the Roman Catholic church is recognized by the state, all other denominations are protected in