Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XIV.djvu/542

 518 SAGADAHOO SAGE of the Tokio cabinet, and the acquiescence of the government in the projected invasion of Corea. This rebellion was suppressed in a few days, several regiments of the national army in government transports and chartered American steamers arriving at Saga, and after a battle and some skirmishing restoring the authority of the central government. The principal leader and 13 others, including two students educated abroad, were decapitated ; 195 persons were condemned to various pun- ishments; more than 7,500 insurgents sur- rendered ; and 60 villages in the vicinity and about 1,000 houses in Saga were burned. 8AGADAHOC, a 8. county of Maine, border- ing on the Atlantic, and intersected by the Kennebec river ; area, about 300 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 18,808. Nearly half the county is com- posed of small islands at the mouth of the Ken- nebec, and it has numerous bays and channels. The soil is fertile. The inhabitants are largely engaged in ship building, fishing, and the coast- ing trade. It is intersected by the Portland and Kennebec, the Bath and Rockland, and the An- droscoggin railroads. The chief productions in 1870 were 18,225 bushels of Indian corn, 15,- 849 of oats, 21,951 of barley, 108,928 of pota- toes, 25,000 tons of hay, 29,416 Ibs. of wool, and 264,862 of butter. There were 1,840 horses, 8,125 milch cows, 1,668 working oxen, 2,885 other cattle, 8,151 sheep, and 1,098 swine. The county contained 37 saw mills. Capital, Bath. S u; l., a town of Prussia, in the province of Silesia, on the Bober, 45 m. N. W. of Liegnitz ; pop. in 1871, 10,483. It has a fine palace, four churches, and a Catholic gymnasium, and cloth and other manufactories. It is the capital of a mediatized principality, which in 1627 be- came the property of Wallenstein, in 1646 of Prince Lobkowitz, and in 1786 of Duke Peter of Courland, whose daughter Dorothea bequeath- ed it in 1862 to her son Prince Louis Talley- rand, duke of Sagan and of Valencay. 8AGAPENUM, a gum resin, of unknown botan- ical origin, which has been used in medicine. Its properties were known to the ancients, and it is spoken of by Hippocrates, Dioscorides, and Pliny. But at present it can scarcely be pro- cured genuine even at Bombay, whither it is sometimes brought from Persia. It is received in agglutinated fragments of brownish and red- dish yellow colors, of consistence like wax, of a garlicky odor, less disagreeable than that of asafcetida, and of a hot, nauseous, bitterish taste. It has no medicinal value. SAGE (Fr. sauge), the name given to species of MI fr in, of the labiate family, and especially to the common or garden sage, S. offitinalix. The genus sahia (Lat. salvare^ to save, in reference to reputed medicinal qualities) is a large one, containing more than 400 species, distributed in nearly all parts of the world, and inclu- ding plants which are very unlike in external appearance, and mainly distinguished by the structure of the anthers, which have the two cells widely separated by a transverse connec- tive, one cell being perfect and producing pol- len, while the other, at the opposite end of the connective, is deformed and abortive. There are two native species in the middle states, four others in the southern, and several others in the far western and southwestern states. Garden Sage (Salria offlcinalis). The garden sage, the best known species, is a hardy, half shrubby plant from the south of Europe ; its oblong-lanceolate leaves are rough with a fine network of veins, minutely pubes- cent, and of a dull hoary green color; the flowers are in whorled spikes, usually blue, but the varieties present other colors. The plant has a peculiar aromatic odor and a warm and bitterish taste. Besides the common form, there are broad and narrow-leaved varieties, and variegated forms, one of which, under the name of tahia tricolor, is cultivated as an or- namental plant. Sage has been used medicinal- ly since very early times, its Latin name indi- cating the esteem in which it was formerly held ; besides being an arcmatic stimulant, it has tonic and astringent properties, and its in- fusion is frequently given in domestic practice ; it is a useful gargle in sore throat with relaxed uvula. But its chief use is as a condiment or seasoning for stuffings, sausages, and other cookery; and it is sometimes used to flavor cheese. The market gardeners around New York cultivate sage entirely as an annual ; seeds are sown in a bed in April, and in June or July the plants are set out in rows 12 in. apart, on land from which cabbages, peas, or other early crops have been removed, and the plants are cut in September or later. Where sage is dried and pressed into cakes for market, it is treated as a perennial; the flower spikes are cut out as they appear, and the leafy shoots gathered and dried. Clary is a species of sage (S. tclarea), with much larger leaves than the common, with a strong and to many persons unpleasant flavor ; it is rarely seen in our gar- dens, but is used in Europe for flavoring soups.