Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XIII.djvu/527

 PIKE 511 head flattened ; the dorsal is on the posterior fourth of the body, highest in front and rap- idly decreasing toward the caudal ; the anal shaped like the dorsal, and opposite to it. It Gar Pike (Belone truncate). is found in the southern New England and the middle states. The European sea pike (B. vul- yaris, Cuv.), or mackerel guide, so called from its preceding the latter to shallow water to spawn, is about 2 ft. long; it is abundant on the coasts of northern Europe, and is eaten in the spring ; it is also used as bait. It is active, swims near the surface, and often springs out of water. The color above is dark greenish blue, and silvery below; dorsal and caudal greenish brown, and other fins white. PIKE, the name of counties in ten of the United States. I. A N. E. county of Penn sylvania, separated from New York and New Jersey, which there form an angle, by the Delaware river, and drained by Lackawaxen and Shohola creeks ; area, about 600 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 8,436. It has a rough, hilly surface and indifferent soil, with forests that yield large quantities of timber. The N. part is traversed by the Delaware and Hudson canal, and the Erie railway and Honesdale branch. The chief productions in 1870 were 6,064 bushels of wheat, 22,369 of rye, 56,815 of Indian corn, 28,654 of oats, 29,522 of buck- wheat, 71,910 of potatoes, 8,974 tons of hay, and 161,179 Ibs. of butter. There were 832 horses, 2,142 milch cows, 2,066 other cattle, 1,237 sheep, and 1,560 swine ; 1 manufactory of jewelry, 5 tanneries, 2 currying establish- ments, 1 flour mill, and 11 saw mills. Capital, Milford. II. A W. county of Georgia, border- ed W. by Flint river and drained by Big Potato, Elkins, and other creeks; area, about 400 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 10,905, of whom 4,906 were colored. It has an uneven surface and mod- erately fertile soil. It is intersected by the Macon and Western railroad. The chief pro- ductions in 1870 were 30,135 bushels of wheat, 182,045 of Indian corn, 18,368 of oats, 24,745 of sweet potatoes, 51,116 Ibs. of butter, and 5,676 bales of cotton. There were 701 horses, 1,113 mules and asses, 1,652 milch cows, 3,240 other cattle, 1,817 sheep, and 6,253 swine. Capital, Zebulon. III. A S. E. county of Ala- bama, bordered E. by Pea river and drained by the Conecuh river and its branches ; area, about 700 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 17,413, of whom 4,625 were colored. Its surface is undulating, much of it covered with pine ; the soil is not very fertile. The Mobile and Girard railroad terminates at the county seat. The chief pro- ductions in 1870 were 309,965 bushels of wheat, 64,451 of sweet potatoes, and 7,192 bales of cotton. There were 1,615 horses, 1,323 mules and asses, 3,521 milch cows, 1,379 working oxen, 6,314 other cattle, 2,878 sheep, and 24,433 swine. Capital, Troy. IV. A S. coun- ty of Mississippi, bordering on Louisiana and drained by Bogue Chitto river and its branch- es ; area, about 850 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 11,303, of whom 5,312 were colored. It is intersected by the New Orleans, Jackson, and Great Northern railroad. The chief produc- tions in 1870 were 151,891 bushels of Indian corn, 28,546 of sweet potatoes, 10,662 of peas and beans, and 4,133 bales of cotton. There were 1,162 horses, 1,777 milch cows, 4,454 other cattle, 4,145 sheep, and 7,560 swine. Capital, Holmesville. V. A S. W. county of Arkansas, drained by the Little Missouri river and its branches ; area, about 600 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 3,788, of whom 421 were col- ored. It has a hilly surface and fertile soil. The chief productions in 1870 were 122,358 bushels of Indian corn, 10,842 of sweet pota- toes, and 1,109 bales of cotton. There were 798 horses, 1,390 milch cows, 2,303 other cat- tle, 2.068 sheep, and 9,861 swine. Capital, Murf reesborough. VI. A county of Kentucky, in the extreme E. corner of the state, border- ing on Virginia and West Virginia, drained by the W. fork of Big Sandy river ; area, 400 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 9,562, of whom 102 were colored. It has a hilly surface, the Cumber- land mountains extending along the S. E. bor- der and a spur partly along the S. W. There are extensive beds of bituminous coal. The chief productions in 1870 were 13,401 bushels of wheat, 332,802 of Indian corn, 25,035 of oats, 23,244 of Irish potatoes, 14,607 of sweet potatoes, 81,966 Ibs. of butter, 16,811 of wool, and 17,157 of tobacco. There were 1,445 horses, 3,087 milch cows, 1,943 working oxen, 3,185 other cattle, 7,670 sheep, and 15,509 swine. Capital, Piketon. VII. A S. county of Ohio, intersected by the Scioto river and drained by several branches ; area, about 425 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 15,447. It has a diversi- fied surface and fertile soil. It is intersected by the Ohio canal. The chief productions in 1870 were 62,815 bushels of wheat, 740,557 of Indian corn, 108,178 of oats, 59,129 of pota- toes, 6,446 tons of hay, 20,105 Ibs. of tobacco, 36,852 of wool, 215,631 of butter, and 35,836 gallons of sorghum molasses. There were 4,174 horses, 3,080 milch cows, 6,088 other cattle, 14,261 sheep, and 13,102 swine; 5 flour mills, 15 tanneries, 11 saw mills, and 1 woollen mill. Capital, Waverley. VIII. A S. W. county of In- diana, bordered N. by White river and drained by Patoka and S. Patoka creeks ; area, 337 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 13,779. It has a gently un- dulating surface and a generally fertile soil. It is intersected by the Wabash and Erie canal. The chief productions in 1870 were 167,262 bushels of wheat, 566,709 of Indian corn, 53,- 084 of oats, 21,624 of potatoes, 121,671 Ibs. of butter, 40,112 of wool, 1,119,356 of tobac- co, and 4,067 tons of hay. There were 4,311 horses, 3,041 milch cows, 5,101 other cattle, 17,-