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 PASSAMAQUODDY BAY bay. It is navigable a short distance for sloops. At Paterson it has a fall of 72 ft. (or 50 ft. per- pendicular), affording immense water power, which has been improved by dams and canals. It is much visited by tourists. PASSAMAQUODDY BAY, a body of water be- tween the S. E. extremity of Maine and the S. W. corner of New Brunswick, being about 12 m. long and 6 m. wide at the entrance. It re- ceives the waters of the St. Oroix and Didge- guash rivers. Campo Bello island lies across the entrance of the bay, and Deer island and a cluster of small islets called Wolf islands lie within it. The bay is well sheltered and not liable to be obstructed by ice ; and it has good harbors and a sufficient depth for the largest vessels. The tide rises 25 ft. PASSAROYITZ (Serb, Pozharevatz), a town of Servia, 37 m. E. S. E. of Belgrade ; pop. about 7,000. It contains a court and several schools, but is chiefly noted for the peace concluded here July 21, 1718, between Austria and Ven- ice on one side and Turkey on the other, in which the Porte, humbled by the victories of Prince Eugene, consented to considerable ces- sions of territory on both sides of the lower Danube. PASSAU (anc. Batava Castro), a town of Ba- varia, at the confluence of the Inn and the Danube, 92 m. E. N. E. of Munich ; pop. in 1871, 13,389. It is divided by the rivers into three parts, the central one being the town proper, and the others, Innstadt on the Inn, and Ilzstadt on the Danube, being suburbs. The Ilz, a tributary of the Danube, flows be- tween Ilzstadt and Anger. Two castles and eight smaller works of defence constitute Pas- sau one of the most important strongholds on the Danube. It has a cathedral, a public libra- ry, a theatre, an old abbey, a bronze statue of King Maximilian Joseph, several schools and hospitals, a lunatic asylum, manufactories of porcelain, leather, tobacco, beer, paper, iron, and copper, and an active trade on the Danube, lis bishops were formerly independent princes, but it was secularized in 1803, and incorpora- ted with Bavaria in 1805. In 1552 a treaty guaranteeing religious freedom to the German Protestants was concluded here between the emperor Charles V. and Maurice of Saxony. PASSAVANT, Johann David, a German art his- torian, born in Frankfort in 1787, died there, Aug. 12, 1861. He studied art in Paris and Rome, and became inspector of the Stadel museum in his native city, an office which he held till his death. He painted several works of merit, and wrote Rafael von Urbino und, sein Vater Giovanni Santo (3 vols., Leip- sic, 1839-'58) ; Die christliche Kunst in Spa- nien (1853); Le peintre-graveur (in French, 6 vols., I860-' 64) ; and several other works. PASSENGER PIGEON, or Wild Pigeon (ectopistes migratoria, Swains.), a well known columbine species peculiar to North America, where it exists in immense numbers. The family char-, actors are given under PIGEON; the generic PASSENGER PIGEON 149 characters are, a very small head, short bill, long wings, the first primary the longest, tarsi very short, and tail very long and wedge-shaped. The male is about 16J in. long, with an alar extent of 25 in.; the general color above is grayish blue, some of the wing coverts being marked with black spots; throat, fore neck, breast, and sides light brownish red, and the rest of the under parts white ; lower hind neck with golden, green, and violet reflections ; quills blackish, bordered with pale bluish, the larger coverts whitish at the tip; two middle tail feathers black, the others pale blue at the base, becoming white toward the end ; the bill black, iris bright red, and feet carmine purple. The female is smaller, and of duller colors. Their rapid and long continued flight enables them to pass over, and their keen vision to survey, a vast extent of country, when migrating at ir- regular periods in search of the mast which constitutes their principal food; the flight is high or low according to the region ; for an ac- Passenger Pigeon (Ectopistes migratoria). count of the rapidity of their flight, see OAE- BIEE PIGEON. After feeding they settle on the trees, and toward sunset depart for their^ roost- ing places, often hundreds of miles distant; they build in forests where the trees are high, without much reference to season, and in places where food is abundant and water not far off ; the flesh is dark-colored, and highly esteemed ; according to Audubon, they lay two eggs. These birds are found throughout temperate North America to the high central plains. Their numbers are absolutely countless both in the roosting and breeding place. Wilson describes one of their breeding places in Kentucky ex- tending 40 m. through the woods and several miles wide, every tree bearing nests wherever they could be placed; they appeared about April 10 and left with their young before May 25 ; they were killed in immense numbers by the people gathered from a wide extent of country. Wilson calculates the length of ^ a column of these birds which passed over him