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 OXFOKD UNIVEKSITY 765 Lincoln, by Kichard Fleming, bishop of Lin- coln, in 1427 ; All Souls, by Henry Chichele, archbishop of Canterbury, in 1437" ; Magdalen, Oriel College. by William of Waynflete, lord chancellor, in 1456 ; Brasenose, by William Smith, bishop of Lincoln, in 1509 ; Corpus Christi, by Kichard Corpus Christ! College. Fox, bishop of Winchester, in 1516; Christ Church, by Henry VIII., in 1546-"T; Trinity,' by Sir Thomas Pope, in 1554; St. John's, by Sir Thomas White, in 1555 ; Jesus, by Queen Elizabeth, in 1571 ; Wadham, by Nicholas Wadham, in 1613 ; Pembroke, by James I., at the expense of Thomas Tesdale and Richard Wight wick, in 1620 ; Worcester, by Sir Thom- as Cookes, in 1714 ; Keble, by subscription as a memorial to the Rev. John Keble, in 18V 0. According to tradition, University college rep- resents a school founded by King Alfred in 872, and in 1872 it celebrated its millennial anniversary. Balliol admits no one who claims any privilege on account of rank or wealth ; its standard of scholarship is perhaps the high- est at Oxford. New is intimately connected with the preparatory school and college at Winchester. Lincoln has no undergraduates, admitting only those who have received the degree of B. A. Christ Church is a cathedral establishment as well as a college. In the ex- tent and magnificence of its buildings, the mu- nificence of its endowments, and the number of its members, it surpasses all others at Oxford. In the tower over its principal gateway is the famous bell called Great Tom of Oxford, weighing 17,000 Ibs. There are five academical halls remaining, the heads of which are called principals. They are unincorporated, and con- sequently property designed for their benefit must be held in trust by the university or some other trustee. In this way a few scholarships and exhibitions have been founded, and provi- sion made for the principals in some of them. With these exceptions they have no endow- ments. In discipline, instruction, attainment of degrees, and university privileges, there is no distinction between students in halls and col- leges. The halls are as follows : 1. St. Mary, given to .Oriel college by Edward II. , and made a separate school by that society in 1333 ; it sub- sequently became independent. 2. Magdalen, which became independent in 1602. In 1816 parliament authorized Magdalen college to pre- pare Hertford college, which had lapsed to the crown, for the reception of the principal and members of Magdalen hall, and to resume possession of the old hall and site ; this was accomplished in 1822. A bill is now (1875) before parliament to make it a college under the name of Hertford. 3. New Inn, conveyed to New college in 1392, rebuilt in 1460. 4. St. Alban, founded as an ecclesiastical estab- lishment in 1230; it came into the posses- sion of Merton college in the 16th century, and was subsequently made independent. 5. St. Edmund, which came into the possession, of Queen's college in 1557, with which it still has some connection, its students being admitted to the lectures of Queen's. A statute passed in 1855 enacts that any member of convocation above the age of 28 may on certain conditions obtain from the vice chancellor a license, with the title of "licensed master," to open a suita- ble building .as a private hall for university students. There is no distinction between them and other students as to discipline and privi- leges. Only one such, called Charsley's hall, exists. In 1868 persons were first permitted under certain conditions to become students and members of tjie university without being attached to any college or hall. Such students (called non ascripti) reside in the town and have all the rights and privileges of other stu- dents. They are under the general superin- tendence of a board styled " delegates of stu- dents not attached to any college or hall," consisting of the vice chancellor and four members of convocation nominated by him and the proctors. Two of these, styled cen- sors, have the immediate charge of the conduct