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 OTTER TAIL OTWAY 737 dained to the ministry in the Reformed church at Herborn in 1749, and in 1752 he was sent to America as a missionary. He was first set- tled at Lancaster, Pa. ; afterward served con- gregations at Tulpehocken and York, Pa., and Frederick, Md. ; and in 1774 went to Balti- more, where he established an independent congregation, over which he presided about 40 years. At Lancaster, shortly after his arrival, he experienced what he regarded as a change of heart, and as a consequence was led to hold prayer meetings, class meetings, and open-air meetings in groves. He soon associated with himself other preachers, and at the time of his death there were united with him about 100 preachers and 20,000 members. When the Methodist preachers came to Pennsylvania and Maryland, he cooperated with them, and as- sisted Dr. Coke in the ordination of Francis Asbury. (See UNITED BEETHEEN IN CHBIST.) OTTER TAIL, a "W. central county of Minne- sota, drained by Leaf river, a tributary of the Mississippi, and by the Red river, which here forms numerous lakes, the largest being Otter Tail lake and Rush lake; area, 2,016 sq. m. ; pop. in 1870, 1,968. The surface consists chiefly of rolling prairies. The Northern Pa- cific railroad crosses the S. part. The pro- ductions in 1870 were 8,406 bushels of wheat, 6,701 of rye, 8,784 of potatoes, 14,525 Ibs. of wool, and 4,262 tons of hay. The value of live stock was $54,853. Capital, Otter Tail City. OTTO, Friedrich Julius, a German chemist, born at Grossenhain, Saxony, Jan. 8, 1809, died in Brunswick, Jan. 13, 1870. He studied at Jena, and w r as subsequently employed at Brunswick and under Liebig in Giessen. In 1866 he became director of the polytechnic in- stitute of Brunswick. He translated into Ger- man Graham's " Elements of Chemistry " (3 vols., Brunswick, 1840-'43), and in later edi- tions made an independent work of it. Among his other works are : Lehrbuch der rationellen Praxis der landwirthschaftlichen Gewerbe (6th ed., 1865-'7); Lehrbuch der Essigfdbrilcation (2d ed., 1857) ; Die Bierbrauerei, die Brannt- weinlrennerei und die Liqueurf'ibrilcation (1865) ; and Anleitung zur Ausmittelung der Qifte (4th ed., enlarged by Robert Otto, 1870). OTTOCAR II., king of Bohemia, born about 1230, killed in battle, Aug. 26, 1278. During his youth he headed an insurrection of the Bo- hemian nobles against his father, King Wen- ceslas I., which resulted finally in his defeat and imprisonment. After his release he gained possession of Austria and Styria by marrying Margaret, the widow of the duke of Austria, although she at that time was 46 years old, and he himself but 23. He succeeded his fa- ther in 1253, and in 1254 undertook a crusade against the pagan Prussians, which was com- pletely successful. In July, 1260, he achieved a signal victory over the Hungarians. Having divorced his wife, he married the Hungarian princess Cunigunda in 1261, and in 1269 the duchies of Carinthia and Carniola came into his power. His dominions now extended from the borders of Bavaria to Raab in Hungary, and from the Adriatic to the Baltic. After the death of the German emperor Richard of Cornwall, he and Alfonso of Castile were can- didates for the succession ; but the choice fell on Rudolph, count of Hapsburg (1273). Ot- tocar refused to submit to his authority; but on Rudolph's marching into his dominions and laying siege to Vienna, he consented to a com- promise by which he gave up his claims to Austria, Styria, Carinthia, Carniola, and the Windish territory (1276). Not long after he broke the treaty, but was defeated and slain in a battle on the Marchfeld with the impe- rial troops. Ottocar was a haughty and luxu- rious prince, but greatly increased the prosper- ity of his subjects by promoting equality and justice and founding cities and schools. See Lorenz, Die Geschichte Ottolcars von Bohmen (Vienna, 1866). OTTOMAN EMPIRE. See TTJEKET. OTTO OF ROSES. See ATTAE OF ROSES. OTTUMWA, a city and the capital of Wapel- lo co., Iowa, on the Des Moines river, here spanned by a bridge, and on the Keokuk and Des Moines, the Central Iowa, the St. Louis, Kansas City, and Northern, and the Burling- ton and Missouri River railroads, 85 m. S. E. of Des Moines; pop. in 1860, 1,632; in 1870, 5,214. It is surrounded by a fertile country, and has good water power. The trade of the city amounts to about $6,000,000 a year. The principal articles of manufacture are carriages, agricultural implements, woollens, rufflers, sew- ing machine attachments, cooperage, and fur- niture. Two firms are engaged in pork pack- ing. There are two national banks, graded public schools, including a high school, a daily and three weekly (one German) newspapers, and nine churches. Ottumwa was incorpo- rated as a city in 1856. OTWAY, Thomas, an English poet, born- at Trotton, Sussex, March 3, 1651, died in Lon- don, April 14, 1685. He was educated at Winchester and at Christchurch, Oxford, but left the university without taking a degree, and went to London. In 1672 he attempted to become an actor, but failed in his first ap- pearance, and never went on the stage again. The next three years he led a dissolute life. His first piece, the tragedy of " Alcibiades," appeared in 1675. "Don Carlos," which ap- peared in 1676, was very successful, and "got more money than any preceding modern tra- gedy." In 1677 his tragedy of "Titus and Berenice," translated from Racine, and his farce, "The Cheats of Scapin," from Moliere, were acted; and the same year he produced a comedy entitled " Friendship in Fashion," re- markable for its want of wit and decency, and which, though considered "very diverting" at the time, was hissed off the stage in 1749 for its immorality. In 1677 Otway received a commission as cornet in a regiment of horse designed for Flanders; but the troops being