Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XII.djvu/409

 NEW YORK (CITY) 395 appearance. They are under the administra- tion of the finance department, and are placed in charge of a superintendent of markets. Stalls are assigned to marketmen upon the pay- ment of fees. Washington market, occupying the block bounded by Greenwich, West, Ful- ton, and Vesey streets, is the largest, inclu- ding West Washington market, which is sepa- rated from it by West street. On the E. side of South street, opposite Fulton market, which occupies the block bounded by South, Front, Beekman, and Fulton streets, is the great fish depot of the city. Manhattan market, erect- .ed by a company in 1871, occupies the block bounded by 34th and 35th streets and llth and 12th avenues. It is of iron, stone, and Philadelphia brick, and is 800 ft. long, 200 ft. deep, and 80 ft. high in the interior. Only a small portion of it is in use. The assessed value of property in 1805 was $25,645,867". The subsequent valuation and taxation at in- tervals of five years to 1865 were as follows : YEARS. Valuation. Total tax. P Valuation. Total tax. - AnbTk rtrtrt K-t tf 1815 1820 1825 1830 81,636,042 69,530,753 101,160,046 125,288,518 $361,285 339.892 387,449 509,178 11845 11850 1855 1860 239,995,517 286,061,816 486,998,278 577,230,956 $1,354,835 2,096,191 8,280,085 5,843,823 9,758,508 1835 218,723,703 965,608 1865 608,784,855 18,202,858 The valuation of real and personal estate, the rate of taxation, and the amount of taxation for state and city purposes, for the last six years, are as follows : YEARS. Valuation of real estate. Valuation of personal estate. Total valuations. Rate of tax on $100. Total taxation. Tax paid to state for common schools. Total taxation for state purposes. Tax for purposes of the city and county. 1870... 1871... 1872. . . 1873... 1874... 1875... $742,103,075 769,306,410 797,148,665 836,691,980 881,547,995 881,547,995 $305,285,374 306,947,223 306,949,422 292,447,643 272,481,181 272,481,181 $1,047,388,449 1,076,353,633 1,104,098,087 1,129,189,623 1,154,029,176 1,154,029,176 $2 25 2 17 2 90 2 50 2 80 3 00 $23,566,240 23,361,674 82,085,480 28,230,996 32,812,817 84,620,874 $1,089,889 16 1,160,354 38 1,269,156 70 1,801,567 04 1,880,122 61 1,881,445 86 $2,884,501 22 4,769,353 82 5,745,049 82 6,117,865 09 7,673,481 70 8,012,886 00 $20,721,789 18,592,320 26,290,432 22,113,631 24,689,385 26,608,488 In addition to the amounts paid to the state from taxation, there were paid also in the years 1870, 1871, and 1874, the following amounts derived from stocks, viz. : in 1870, for re- demption of state debt, $2,070,000; in 1871, for the same, $1,972,602 36 ; in 1874, for state canal fund deficiency, $3,899,494 86. The amounts payable to the state for taxes in 1875 are fixed, as shown above ; but the valuations, rate of tax, and total amount of taxes to be levied in that year are only approximate. The real value of property in the city is estimated in the United States census of 1870 at $3,484,- 268,700. The appropriations for the expenses of the city government during 1875 amount to $36,956,472 23. The principal items are as follows: state taxes, $6,630,940 14; common schools for the state, $1,381,445 86; interest on city debt, $9,300,000; payment of stocks and bonds falling due, &c., $1,454,763 33 ; Fourth avenue improvement, $1,598,767 50 ; taxable charities (under acts of legislature), $825,905; police department, $3,387,325, in- cluding $3,147,400 for salaries of commis- sioners and force; fire department, $1,316,- 000, including $897,600 for salaries of com- missioner and force; public schools $3,480,- 000, including $2,686,500 for salaries; sala- ries of subordinates of departments, &c. (ex- cept police, fire, docks, and schools), $1,462,- 186 ; salaries of mayor, aldermen, chamberlain,^ and heads of departments (excepting commis- sioners of police, fire, and docks), $229,500; salaries of judiciary, $897,345; supplies for department of charities and correction, in- cluding $90,000 for outdoor poor, $841,000; cleaning streets, $800,000; lamps and gas, $750,000 ; maintenance and government of parks and places (exclusive of salaries), about $284,000 ; sheriffs', coroners', jurors', and wit- nesses' fees, $162,000 ; election expenses, $169,- 000 ; college of the city of New York, $150,- 000; contingencies of departments, $147,750; construction, repairs, supplies, and cleaning pub- lic offices, $142,500; printing, stationery, and blank books, $137,500; repairing and main- taining Croton aqueduct, $120,000 ; school moneys to corporate schools, $103,000 ; repa- ving and repairs to stone pavements, $100,000 ; judgments, $100,000 ; repairing and renewal of pipes, &c., $80,000 ; rents, $75,000 ; repair- * ing and cleaning sewers, $75,000 ; assessments and taxes on corporation property, $50,000; keeping in order wooden and concrete pave- ments, $50,000. The city debt on Dec. 81, 1874, was as follows: funded debt, $118,- 241,557 24; temporary debt, $23,562,200 76; total debt, $141,803,758 ; net debt (less sink- ing fund, $26,615,778), $115,187,980. There were also $208,011 in cash and $710,106 in bonds and mortgages applicable in reduc- tion of the debt. In addition to the above amounts, there is a floating debt which hao been variously estimated at from $10,000,000 to $20,000,000. Many of the claims constitu- ting this debt are in litigation. The city with Staten island forms the first military division of the state, and has several well drilled regi- m<5nts of militia. The New York post office is by far the most important in the country. Besides the general office, there are on Manhat- tan island 14 stations, designated by the letters of the alphabet, and 895 street letter boxes. The number of employees is 1,044, viz. : officers in charge of divisions and bureaus, 13; super- intendents of stations, 14; clerks, 636; carri-