Page:The American Cyclopædia (1879) Volume XII.djvu/283

 above New Albany, has a fall of 29 ft., affording the finest water power in the west. The river trade amounts to from $15,000,000 to $20,000,000 a year. A large wholesale business is carried on. Manufacturing is the most important interest of the city, embracing 142 large establishments, which in 1873 employed 3,681 hands and a capital of $7,947,500, and produced goods to the value of $24,486,574. Cottons, woollens, glass, machinery, and iron, brass, and wood work of all kinds, are produced. The works of the star glass company with their buildings and necessary grounds cover 15 acres; they are the most extensive glass works in the United States, and the only ones producing polished plate glass. There are two large pork-packing establishments, and six banks (three national), with an aggregate capital of $1,500,000.—New Albany is divided into six wards, and is governed by a mayor and a common council of two members from each ward. It has an excellent fire department, two public market houses, a street railroad, and is lighted with gas. The assessed value of property is $10,000,000, about a third of the real value. The public schools are graded and embrace 53 departments, including high schools for both sexes. De Pauw female college (Methodist) was organized in 1846 and chartered in 1866. In 1873-'4 it had 6 instructors, 101 students, and a library of 1,000 volumes. A newspaper with daily and weekly editions is published. There are 30 churches, viz.: 3 Baptist, 1 Christian, 2 Episcopal, 2 Lutheran, 13 Methodist, 5 Presbyterian, 2 Roman Catholic, 1 United Brethren, and 1 Universalist.—New Albany was laid out in 1813, and was incorporated as a city in 1839.

 NEWARK, a port of entry and the chief city of New Jersey, capital of Essex co., situated on the W. bank of the Passaic river, 4 m. above its entrance into Newark bay, and 9 m. W. of New York; pop. in 1840, 17,290; in 1845, 25,433; in 1850, 38,894; in 1855, 51,711 ; in 1860, 71,941; in 1865, 87,428; in 1870, 105,059, of whom 69,175 were natives and 35,884 foreigners, including 15,873 Germans, 12,481 Irish, and 4,041 English. The number of families was 21,631; of dwellings, 14,350. The city is divided into 15 wards, is for the most part regularly laid out, and embraces an area of about 17½ sq. m. The streets are generally wide and airy, and are bordered with many fine residences. The main street, called Broad street, is very spacious and handsome, 132 ft. wide and 2½ m. long, shaded with majestic elms, adorned with numerous tasteful edifices, and skirting in its course Washington, Military, and South parks, which are embowered with lofty elms. There are about 140 m. of improved streets, of which nearly 100 m. are graded, and more than 30 m. paved. The city is supplied with water collected from a large number of springs on the neighboring high grounds into a reservoir, and thence distributed by pipes. It is also supplied with gas, and has a system of sewerage, about 30 m. of sewers having been completed. There are four cemeteries within the limits of the city: Woodland, Fairmount, Mount Pleasant, and the Catholic cemetery. Mount Pleasant, the oldest, occupies 40 acres of ground on the Passaic river, and is elegantly laid out in winding avenues thickly shaded by ornamental trees and flowering shrubbery. Besides the churches, the most noteworthy buildings are